【摘要】 应用淡水沉积物中磷形态的标准测试程序(SMT),分析了黄河干流从源头到渤海整个沿程中21个表层沉积物样品的磷形态沿程变化规律和分布特征,并分析了沉积物中磷的来源和释放潜力.研究结果表明,沉积物中总磷(TP)含量范围在594.4~956.9mg.kg-1,最小值和最大值分别出现在三门峡和兴县.无机磷(IP)含量范围在475.2~944.2mg.kg-1,占TP的81.17%~96.74%.有机磷(OP)含量范围在27.3~108.0mg.kg-1,占TP的3.26%~18.83%.TP分布主要受IP控制.在IP中,钙结合态磷(HCl-P)是主要部分,含量范围在445.6~891.7mg.kg-1,占IP的94.16%~98.81%;铁/铝结合态磷(NaOH-P)含量范围在10.1~37.2 mg.kg-1,仅占IP的1.19%~5.84%.黄河沉积物向上覆水体释放磷的潜力不大.黄河沉积物中NaOH-P含量与活性态(Fe+Al)含量有显著的正相关关系,但玛多和兴海的沉积物具有特殊性.不同地点黄河沉积物的磷形态分布情况与区域磷污染状况及其地质环境条件有关.更多还原

【Abstract】 Phosphorus forms in the surface sediments from 21 representative sites along the main stream of the Yellow River were analyzed using the Standard Measurement and Test(SMT) procedure of phosphorus forms in freshwater sediments.The concentration of Total Phosphorus(TP) in the sediments ranged from 594.4 mg·kg-1 in Sanmenxia to 956.9 mg·kg-1 in Xingxian.The P fractional composition showed that the sediments were dominated by Inorganic Phosphorus(IP) in all cases,whose concentration ranged from 475.2 mg·kg-1 to 944.2 mg·kg-1,accounting for 81.17% to 96.74% of TP.The Organic Phosphorus(OP) concentration was 27.3~108.0 mg·kg-1,accounting for 3.26%~18.83% of TP.The P associated with Ca(HCl-P) was the major part of IP,whose concentration ranged from 445.6 mg·kg-1 to 891.7 mg·kg-1,accounting for 94.16%~98.81% of IP.P bound to Fe/Al oxides and hydroxides(NaOH-P),which was the active species,ranged from 10.1 mg·kg-1 to 37.2 mg·kg-1,only accounting for 1.19%~5.84% of IP.The potential of phosphorus release from Yellow River sediments to water bodies was not significant.The NaOHP concentration was positively correlated to the content of active(Fe+Al) in most cases,except for the sediments from Maduo and Xinghai.The distribution of P forms in sediments was related to the natural geological conditions and to the artificial P pollution in each region.更多还原