【摘要】 提出一种通过溶剂提取将游离皂苷与淀粉、纤维等成分分离,从源头上减少用水量、耗酸量和污染物排放量的皂素清洁生产工艺。首先对溶剂提取条件进行优化,得出最佳工艺条件为:90%(体积比)乙醇溶液,料液比1∶7,沸腾回流提取3 h,重复提取3次。然后通过气-质联用(GC/MS)分析了皂素废水的有机物组成。研究结果表明,清洁工艺皂素产率为1.51%(降低3.82%),用酸量比传统工艺减少了71%,头道液COD浓度降低了46%,每100 g原料排放的COD总量下降了84%;皂素废水的有机物污染物主要为糠醛及其衍生物,清洁工艺废水的有机物含量更低,更易降解。更多还原

【Abstract】 A new cleaner process was proposed,in which saponins was separated from starch and fiber by solvent extraction.It reduced contamination,water and sulfuric acid consumption.Optimized extraction conditions were as follows: 90%(V/V) ethanol;material-liquid ratio of 1∶ 7;3 times and 3 hours.Wastewater was analyzed through GC/MS.The result showed that diosgenin yield of cleaner process was 1.51%,decreasing by 3.82%.In this process,water and sulfuric acid reduced by 71%,COD concentration and quantity declined by 46% and 84% respectively.The result of GC/MS showed that main organic pollutants of wastewater were furfural and its derivatives.Wastewater of cleaner process contained less pollutants,and was easier to be degraded than that of traditional process.更多还原