【摘要】 为了解决大庆油田现有核桃壳、石英砂过滤器反冲洗憋压、跑料和滤料再生困难等问题,在对原有过滤装置分析的基础上,根据反冲洗特性,对过滤器进行了改造,开发出低压稳流核桃壳过滤器和低压稳流石英砂过滤器。经现场测试,核桃壳过滤器反冲洗压力由原来的0.15~0.5 MPa降低到0.03~0.08 MPa,石英砂过滤器反冲洗压力由原来的0.27~0.46 MPa降低到0.17~0.20 MPa,且均能实现罐群水反冲洗。改造后核桃壳过滤器出水油平均含量13.4 mg/L,平均去除率为78.1%;出水悬浮物平均含量20.5 mg/L,平均去除率为55%。改造后石英砂过滤器出水油平均含量5 mg/L以下,平均去除率达到75%以上;出水悬浮物平均含量为9.8 mg/L,去除率达到80%以上。为了进一步提高过滤效果,在二级滤前投加絮凝剂形成微絮凝过滤工艺,出水悬浮物可达到3 mg/L,通过两级过滤达到特低渗透地层回注水标准。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to solve the problems in the running of the walnut shell filter and the quartz sand filter,the reasons of hold back pressure and leak material and regeneration of filtration material difficulty were studied.By using the theory of backwash,the low-pressure and steady-flow filter was invented.By remolding the filter at wastewater treatment station and testing in the location,the result was that the pressure of backwash of the walnut shell filter droped from 0.15~0.5 MPa to 0.03~0.08 MPa,the result was that the pressure of backwash of the quartz sand filter droped from 0.27~0.46 MPa to 0.17~0.20 MPa,the effect of filtration material regeneration was well.The oil and SS content in the walnut shell filter water is less than 13.4 and 20.5 mg/L,the removal rate of oil can reach 78.1%;the removal rate of SS can reach 55%.The oil and SS content in the quartz sand filter water is less than 5 and 9.8 mg/L,the removal rate of oil can reach 75%;the removal rate of SS can reach 80%.To improve filtration effect drastically,the flocculants were added before filter,which formed the micro-flocculation filtration technics.By this technics,the SS content is less than 3 mg/L,and the treated water can meet the standard of reinjection water of very low-permeability formation.更多还原