【摘要】 在传统社会,农民生活在一个相对稳定的环境中,对自己的生活有基本的预期和掌握,而在传统社会向现代社会的转型过程中,农民受到来自新技术、国家和市场等因素的冲击,身处一种波动的环境之中。市场使农民的收入和支出面临着风险,加之多变的国家政策带来的不稳定,农民的生活处于严重的波动中,并且由于农民缺乏控制这种波动的能力,而成为这种波动的被迫承受者。认识和理解当下农民的真实生活,从历史反观现实,是我们反思中国社会结构及其演变的重要视角。更多还原

【Abstract】 In traditional society peasants lead a relatively stable life,so that they can predict their future life and master it.In the transformative process changing from traditional society to modern society,peasants suffer from the impact of new technology,the market and the state which make them live in the unstable environment.The market-oriented society makes the peasants’s income and expenditure be uncertain.In addition,the inconstant policies issued by government make the situation even worse,letting peasants lead a unstable life and be forced to lead such a life.It is of great significance to understand the real life of peasants.Also,it is important to rethink Chinese social structure and its transformation from the perspective of history.更多还原