【摘要】 目的观察透射电镜下不同抗结核药物对SD大鼠肾脏超微结构的改变。方法健康成年SD大鼠(清洁级)152只,体重250～300g,雌雄各半,随机分为8组。对照组:0.9%氯化钠溶液;H(INH)组:异烟肼;R(RFP)组:利福平;Z(PZA)组:吡嗪酰胺;HR组:异烟肼+利福平组;HZ组:异烟肼+吡嗪酰胺组;RZ组:利福平+吡嗪酰胺组;HRZ组:异烟肼+利福平+吡嗪酰胺组。大鼠用药的常规剂量:每公斤体重人的常用剂量乘以5.5倍。标本制备:根据各组的不同要求,每天对大鼠进行一次灌胃,10d后断头取血,分离肾脏,戊二醛固定后做电镜检查。结果肾小球细胞部分线粒体溶解、髓样变,粗面内质网脱颗粒,滑面内质网池扩张;肾近曲小管上皮细胞核固缩,细胞器减少。异烟肼、利福平、吡嗪酰胺均可引起大鼠肾脏的损害,多种药物联用比单药应用损害更明显(P<0.01)。结论电镜诊断对抗结核药物所致大鼠肾脏损害有重要价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To observe the changes of ultrostructure of kidney caused by antitubercular drugs in SD rats under transmission electron microscope.Methods 152 healthy adult SD rats(clean class),weighted 250～300g,males and females were 50% respectively,who were randomly divided into 8 groups:control group(normal saline);H(INH)group(isonicotinyl hydrazine);R(RFP)group(rifampicin);Z(PZA)group(pyrazinamide);HR group(isonicotinyl hydrazine+rifampicin);RZ group(isonicotinyl+pyrazinamide);HRZ group(isonicotinyl hydrazine+rifampicin+pyrazinamide).The routine administration dose was 5.5 times as much as the dose of the adults(per kilogram).The preparation of the specimen:the rats were administrated by gavage according to the different conditions in each group,once a day.After 10 days the rats were killed,whose blood was taken and kidneys were separated for examination by electron microscopy.Results The some mitochondrions of kidney cells were dissolved,crude face endoplasmic reticulum lost grain,slide face endoplasmic reticulum pool expanded,and the fat grain in the cells increased.The isonicotinyl hydrazine,rifampicin and pyrazinamide could cause the renal damage of the rats,and the damages were more serious in the combined administration of the drugs than those caused by single drug administration(P<0.01).Conclusion The diagnosis by electron microscopy plays an important role for the damage caused by antitubercular drugs.更多还原