【摘要】 本研究以青海土种犬和藏狮犬为对照,采用RAPD技术对河曲藏獒和青海藏獒群体的遗传多样性及遗传分化进行了分析。研究结果表明,河曲藏獒和青海藏獒群体的多态性位点百分率分别为85.53%和98.16%,平均多态性位点百分率为91.85%。藏獒群体遗传变异分析显示两个藏獒群体的有效等位基因数(Ne)、Nei氏平均预期基因杂合度(H)和Shannon遗传信息指数(I)的平均值分别为1.5354、0.3191和0.4807;且两个藏獒群体93.09%的变异来自群体内,仅6.91%变异来自群体间;两个群体间的基因流为3.3679。研究还发现两个藏獒群体之间的Nei氏标准遗传距离(D)为0.0505。本研究结果说明藏獒群体内遗传变异丰富,不同地域的藏獒群体之间存在广泛的基因交流,群体之间遗传分化程度很低,这为藏獒品种资源保护与合理开发利用提供了参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 In this research,we have analyzed the genetic diversity and genetic differentiation of Hequ Tibetan Mastiff and Qinghai Tibetan Mastiff by using RAPD molecular marker technique,with the Tibetan Spaniel and native dogs of Qinghai as the controls.The results showed that the percentage of polymorphic bands of Hequ Tibetan Mastiff and Qinghai Tibetan Mastiff within population was 85.53% and 98.16%,respectively,and with the average percentage of polymorphic bands was 91.85%.The genetic diversity analysis of Tibetan Mastiff population displayed that the average effective number of alleles(Ne),Nei’s expected average heterozygosity(H) and Shannon’s information index(I) of these two populations of Tibetan Mastiff’s was 1.535 4,0.319 1 and 0.480 7,respectively.Further result demonstrated that 93.09% variation of these two Tibetan Mastiff populations came from within-population,only 6.91% variation was from the inter-population and the gene flow between these two populations of Tibetan Mastiff was 3.367 9.We also found that the Nei’s standard genetic distance(D) between the two populations of Tibetan Mastiff was 0.050 5.These results illustrated that genetic variation within the population of Tibetan Mastiff was rich,and comprehensively presented gene exchange of the Tibetan Mastiff populations in different regions as well as had very low genetic differentiation between populations,which would provide the reference for resource protection and rational development and utilization of Tibetan mastiff cultivars.更多还原