【摘要】 地表温度(LST)是研究地表和大气之间辐射和能量交换以及区域和全球尺度地表物理过程的重要参数。卫星遥感技术在生态环境、水文、气象、地震、军事的应用研究,以及气候模式的辐射过程描述都需要获得准确的LST。光谱中的红外和微波对于探测LST发挥重要作用。文章综合分析了热红外波谱和微波遥感反演LST的研究进展,包括:利用热红外辐射温度表探测LST的方法,晴空条件下星载传感器的红外通道反演LST的单窗、分裂窗等反演方法,单通道和多通道算法,组分温度的反演方法,单通道多角度法和多通道多角度法,以及地表发射率ε特性研究等。微波可以全天候探测地表,文章分析了被动微波波段遥感反演LST的方法。并对这些方法的优缺点、适用性及应用前景进行了评述。更多还原

【Abstract】 Land surface temperature (LST) is an important parameter in the study on the exchange of substance and energy between land surface and air for the land surface physics process at regional and global scales. Many applications of satellites remotely sensed data must provide exact and quantificational LST,such as drought,high temperature,forest fire,earthquake,hydrology and the vegetation monitor,and the models of global circulation and regional climate also need LST as input parameter. Therefore,the retrieval of LST using remote sensing technology becomes one of the key tasks in quantificational remote sensing study. Normally,in the spectrum bands,the thermal infrared (TIR,3-15 μm) and microwave bands (1 mm-1 m) are important for retrieval of the LST. In the present paper,firstly,several methods for estimating the LST on the basis of thermal infrared (TIR) remote sensing were synthetically reviewed,i.e.,the LST measured with an ground-base infrared thermometer,the LST retrieval from mono-window algorithm (MWA),single-channel algorithm (SCA),split-window techniques (SWT) and multi-channels algorithm(MCA),single-channel & multi-angle algorithm and multi-channels algorithm & multi-angle algorithm,and retrieval method of land surface component temperature using thermal infrared remotely sensed satellite observation. Secondly,the study status of land surface emissivity (ε) was presented. Thirdly,in order to retrieve LST for all weather conditions,microwave remotely sensed data,instead of thermal infrared data,have been developed recently,and the LST retrieval method from passive microwave remotely sensed data was also introduced. Finally,the main merits and shortcomings of different kinds of LST retrieval methods were discussed,respectively.更多还原