【摘要】 集合种群理论是近二十几年发展起来的一种空间生态学理论框架,随着全球范围生境的破坏和破碎,集合种群研究已经成为当今国际生态学的研究前沿与热点,其理论模型为研究保护生物学提供重要技术支撑和理论基础.本文系统地阐述了集合种群理论的几种数学模型,包括Levins模型、斑块模型、元胞自动机模型、联合映射网格模型、概率转移模型和关联函数模型.各种模型有它们各自的侧重点和适用范围,Levins模型、元胞自动机模型、概率转移模型和关联函数模型忽略局域种群动态,斑块模型和联合映射网格模型考虑到局域种群动态;Levins模型和斑块模型只考虑了抽象的空间斑块,忽略了斑块的大小、位置以及斑块之间的距离等信息;元胞自动机模型和联合映射网格模型关注的是斑块之间的相对位置,考虑了生物个体的局部迁移;概率转移模型和关联函数模型考虑到了斑块的空间位置和斑块的大小.更多还原

【Abstract】 Metapopulation theory is the framework of spatial ecology which is developed during recent decades.With destruction of wild living environmental conditions,the research on metapopulation has received more attention in international ecological field.The relevant theoretical models can support technique and basic theory for conservation biology.A series of metapopulation models have been summarized in this paper,including Levins model,patch model,cellular automata model,coupled map lattice model,probability transition model and incidence function model.Each modal has its key points and scope of application.Population dynamics has been neglected by Levins model,cellular automata model,probability transition model and incidence function model,and however,has been considered in patch model and coupled map lattice model.Only spatial patch has been considered in Levins model and patch model,but more information,such as patch size,patch location and distance between patches,has been neglected by both models.Much attention is paid on the relative location of patches by cellular automata model and coupled map lattice model,in addition by which local transfer of individual bioequivalence is considered.Both probability transition model and incidence function model take consideration of spatial location and size of patch.更多还原