【摘要】 关税配额未完成已经成为制约市场准入有效性的重大障碍,是近期世贸组织成员关注的焦点之一。关税配额未完成主要发生在农产品范围,原因包括两个方面:一是低进口需求,另一方面是关税配额管理导致的高交易成本。中国的配额管理产品中,玉米、小麦和大米的配额完成率较低,而棉花是唯一超额完成的配额管理产品,这主要归因于国内旺盛的棉花需求。韩国配额产品的完成率较低同样与进口需求有关,而美国较低的棉花配额完成率则主要与其棉花政策相关;欧盟的粮食类产品配额完成率尤其低下,而日本的粮食类产品配额完成率较高。更多还原

【Abstract】 Tariff-Rate Quota (TRQ) underfill has become a larger obstacle to the effectiveness of market access, and this has been focused by WTO members recently. TRQ underfill exists mainly in the fields of agricultural products, which is caused by either low import demand or high transaction cost. Among TRQ products in China, TRQ fill rates for maize, wheat and rice are low, but cotton is overfill because of large domestic demand. Low TRQ fill rates of Korea are related to low import demand, but low fill rate of cotton in USA is resulted in its cotton policies. TRQ fill rates of grain in EU are very low, but those of Japan are high.更多还原