【摘要】 甘肃省石羊河流域是资源性缺水地区,水资源严重地制约着当地的社会经济发展,同时,由于社会经济系统大量挤占了生态用水,下游民勤绿洲的生态系统已濒临崩溃。通过分析地下水与干旱区生态植被系统的关系,在量化流域生态恢复目标的基础上,提出了石羊河流域经济发展与生态保护对策。建议建立石羊河节水型生态特区,并初步进行了规划,对节水型生态特区的发展进行了讨论。更多还原

【Abstract】 The Shiyang River Basin is one of the continental drainage basins in China,where the water utilization degree is very high,shortage of water resources is serious,environment is fragile,and social and economic development is restricted.The carrying capacity of water resources has been overloaded with the rapid social and economic development.In Minqin Oases,the volume of surface water has been gradually reduced since the 1950’s.In the 1970’s groundwater was pumped in a big volume.At present,the volume of diverted water is up to 5×10～8~6×10~8 m~3/a.Continuous groundwater pumping for years causes the serious overdraft of groundwater.The drawdown of groundwater level is up to 1.0～1.2 m/a,and the groundwater salinity is increased by 0.12 g/(L?a).The serious drawdown of groundwater level results in a series of social,economic and ecological problems,for example, some cultivated land in large area is wasted,the working conditions of pumps become worse and worse,some plants in desert are withering and dying out,sand dunes move towards cultivated land,and the local residents and animals have trouble in drinking water.Obviously,it is important to explore and solve water crisis.Because the Minqin Oasis holds the important status in ecological security,it is the time to stop the continuous overdraft of groundwater, environment deterioration and oasis ecosystem degeneration.This paper analyzes the relationship between groundwater and the ecology vegetation system in arid area based on quantifying the goals of ecological regeneration in the Shiyang River Basin,and some measures are put forward for social and economic development in the drainage basin based on implementing water-saving irrigation and building the Minqin Oasis as an ecological special region.更多还原