【摘要】 基于2005年以来对卡拉麦里山有蹄类自然保护区鹅喉羚分布调查和栖息地样方采集,运用GIS技术进行目视解译与图层叠加分析进行鹅喉羚分布研究,并运用选择指数与选择系数模型探讨鹅喉羚的生境选择。研究发现,保护区内鹅喉羚四季分布虽有明显差异,但主要分布区位于在保护区中部的针茅、驼绒藜、沙蒿-驼绒藜、假木贼-针茅群落中。不同季节鹅喉羚对植被类型的选择有差异,春季鹅喉羚倾向选择假木贼-针茅群落和梭梭群落;夏季鹅喉羚喜欢针茅群落、驼绒藜群落、梭梭群落;秋季鹅喉羚则倾向选择针茅群落和假木贼-针茅群落。鹅喉羚喜欢坡度平缓的地区;春季和夏季对各种坡向随机选择的,秋季不喜欢阴坡,其他坡向则几乎随机选择;春季和夏季喜欢中坡位,不喜欢上坡位,对下坡位随机选择,秋季对各种坡位随机选择。鹅喉羚的分布主要受植被类型和水源的影响,人类干扰是影响鹅喉羚冬季分布的主要因素。食物、隐蔽性和地形因素是鹅喉羚生境选择的重要影响因素。更多还原

【Abstract】 Based on the data we got from the field surveys of Goitred Gazelle’s distribution in the Kalamaili Mountains Nature Reserve since 2005,we use Geographic Information System(GIS) and Remote Sensing(RS) for visual interpretation and map overlapping to study the distribution.And Vanderploge and Scavia’s selectivity index was used to assess Goitred Gazelle’s selection for the different habitat parameters.The results show that the distribution of Goitred Gazelle have a significant difference in four seasons,but the centre part of the nature reserve is the major distribution area of the gazelle in all seasons.There are Stipa glareosa,Ceratoides latens,Ass.Artemisia sp-Ceratoides latens,Ass.Anabasis salsa-Stipa glareosa.Gazelle chooses Ass.Anabasis salsa-Stipa glareosa and Haloxylon ammodendron in spring,Stipa glareosa and Ceratoides latens and Haloxylon ammodendron in summer,Stipa glareosa and Ass.Anabasis salsa-Stipa glareosa in autumn.The impact factors of the distribution are the vegetation type and water source.In addition,human interference is also the factor that influences the distribution of the gazelle in winter.Food,hiding and landform are the impact factors of habitat selection.Each season,the gazelle has its own survival demand,and it is the reason for the change of the distribution in seasons.The ecotone’s edge affects the distribution of the gazelle obviously.To landform,Goitred Gazelle preferred to select habitat with a slope less than 20°.In spring,Goitred Gazelle preferred the middle of slope and did not like the top.In summer,there are not special selections for slope.In autumn,Goitred Gazelle did not like shady slopes.更多还原