【摘要】 目的探讨保留左结肠动脉的腹腔镜直肠癌前切除低位吻合术(Dixon)的可行性及应用价值。方法术中判断临床分期为Ⅰ、Ⅱ期拟行Dixon术的52例直肠癌病人行保留左结肠动脉的腹腔镜Dixon手术,采用血管鞘内解剖法解剖出肠系膜下动脉、左结肠动脉、乙状结肠动脉或直肠上动脉,清扫血管周围脂肪和淋巴结,保留左结肠动脉,于其分叉下缘切断肠系膜下动脉。统计手术时间、术中出血量、术中并发症、吻合口张力、肠系膜下动脉行径周围淋巴结清扫的个数及病理情况,观察术后局部复发、淋巴结转移及吻合口漏的发生率。结果52例手术均获成功。手术时间115～320min,平均150min。术中出血15～75m1,平均25m1。术中无直肠破裂穿孔,无血管、输尿管及邻近器官损伤,吻合口无张力。肠系膜下动脉周围淋巴结清扫个数为4～8个,平均6.2个,术后病理肠系膜下动脉根部淋巴结均为阴性,4例直肠上动脉起始部淋巴结为阳性。术后无吻合口漏等并发症。术后随访无淋巴结转移发生,1例术后7月局部复发。结论临床分期为Ⅰ、Ⅱ期拟行Dixon术的直肠癌病人,腹腔镜下可以清晰解剖显露肠系膜下动脉各分支,行保留左结肠动脉的Dixon手术。在不增加吻合口张力,不影响肠系膜下动脉行径周围淋巴结清扫的基础上,为吻合口提供更充足的血运,降低吻合口漏的发生。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of laparoscopic anterior resection of rectal carcinoma with preservation of the left colonic artery. Methods From February 2006 to February 2009, 52 patients with rectal carcinoma formerly scheduled for Dixon operation (clinical stage I and Ⅱ) received laparoscopic Dixon surgery. The inferior mesenteric artery, left colonic artery, sigmoid artery or superior rectal artery, and lymph nodes were dissected through the vasa vasorum approach. The left colonic artery was retained by transecting the inferior mesenteric artery inferior to the left colonic artery. The operative time, intraoperative hemorrhage volume, intraoperative complications, anastomotic tension, number and histopathological features of the dissected lymph nodes surrounding the inferior mesenteric artery, and the rates of local recurrence, lymph node metastasis and anastomotic leakage were analyzed. Results The operation was successfully completed in all the 52 cases. The operative time ranged from 115 to 320 min with a mean of 150 min. The mean intraoperative hemorrhage was 25 ml (range 15-75 ml). None of the patients had perforation of the rectum, injuries to blood vessel, ureter or adjacent organs, or anastomotic tension. The number of dissected lymph nodes surrounding the inferior mesenteric artery ranged from 4 to 8, with a mean of 6.2. The dissected lymph nodes in the base of the inferior mesenteric artery showed no cancer cell metastasis, while 4 patients had cancer cell metastasis in the lymph nodes surrounding superior rectal artery. None of patients had anastomotic leakage. Local recurrence was found in only 1 case at 7 months after the operation. Conclusions Laparoscopic anterior resection of the rectal carcinoma with preservation of the left colonic artery can be completed in patients with rectal carcinoma planning to receive Dixon operation (clinical stage I or Ⅱ). This surgical approach preserves more supplying vessels and prevents anastomotic leakage without increasing the anastomotic tension or affecting lymph node dissection surrounding the inferior mesenteric artery.更多还原