【摘要】 鸟类分类是鸟类学其他研究领域的基础,近年来分子技术的发展,以及计算机技术的应用为鸟类分类学和鸟类系统演化研究提供了新的研究手段,给传统的系统分类研究带来了新的机遇。Tautz等于2002年首先提出运用DNA序列作为生物分类系统的主要平台,即DNA分类学(DNA Taxonomy)。而Hebert等于2003年则首次提出了DNA条形码(DNA Barcoding)的概念,并对其物种分类和鉴定意义予以肯定,建议利用线粒体细胞色素C氧化酶亚单位Ⅰ(COI)的特定区段来做DNA条形编码的基础。在鸟类DNA分类方面,国内学者应用线粒体基因Cytb,COⅠ,c-mos,c-myc,12srRNA,16srRNA,ND2,ND3,CR,RAG-1以及核基因myoglobin introⅡ等不同片段对很多类群进行了分类探讨和系统发育研究。但是主要集中在鸡形目及雀形目鸟类。中国是鸟类多样性极其丰富的国家,近年来很多亚种、种及以上分类阶元依然存在问题,因此,中国鸟类物种的分类地位、系统发育与演化关系等依然有很多问题等待深入研究。目前国内基于COⅠ的鸟类分类及系统发育研究有了一些报道,但是真正的DNA条形码工作尚需继续、深入地开展。更多还原

【Abstract】 Bird taxonomy is the basis of any other ornithological researches.With the development of molecular biology and computer science,bird taxonomy and evolutionary studies are facing the new opportunity.Tautz et al.firstly reported the DNA Taxonomy by using DNA sequences as the taxonomic platform in 2002,while Hebert et al.further convinced to employ DNA sequences as taxa ’barcodes’and suggested the cytochrome c oxidase Ⅰ(COⅠ) identification system in 2003.In terms of bird DNA based-taxonomy in China,mtDNA such as,Cyt b,COⅠ,c-mos,c-myc,12s rRNA,16s rRNA,ND2,ND3,CR,RAG-1 and nuclear gene myoglobin intro Ⅱ have been used for taxonomy and phylogeny studies.Most of the studies were focused on species of Galliformes and Passeriformes.China is a meta-diversity country with a very high species endemism,and in the recent years,subspecies,species and even in the higher level are still problematic in their taxonomy and evolutionary relationship,which need to be studied.Even if some COⅠ based taxonomy and phylogeny have been reported,the real DNA barcoding program is requived.更多还原