【摘要】 通过调查研究,分析了我国河、湖水环境污染状况以及作为河湖主要污染源的污水排放和处理状况,作为治理河湖污染主要途径的污水再生利用状况,作为污水资源化利用重要对象的荒漠生态及其恢复建设基本情况。全国河流总体水质属中度污染,污染情况严重,1/4以上的监测断面属于劣V类水。全国湖泊水库水环境污染非常严重,并有加重的趋势,国控重点湖(库)近一半不能满足地表水环境质量标准的最低要求,70%以上不适用于作为生活饮用水水源地。2006年全国污水排放量为537亿t,1998—2006年全国污水排放总量、工业废水排放量、生活污水排放量均逐年增加,年均增长率分别为4%、2.1%、5.9%。通过与用水量进行比对发现,国家污水排放量统计数据存在严重漏报现象,数据严重失实,应引起足够重视。污水再生回用主要集中在小规模的城市杂用,大规模工业回用还处在探索起步阶段,农业回用和大规模生态回用还没有起步。更多还原

【Abstract】 The situation of environmental water pollution,sewage disposal and teatment,reuse of sewage,and wilderness ecology which is important object of the sewage converting into resources use,were described in China.The overall river water is the moderate pollution in China,including over one fourth of the monitoring cross sections under Class V water quality.It was serious for water pollution in lakes and reservoirs in China,becoming the aggravation tendency.There were nearly one half of the key lakes and reservoirs which were administrated by government and were not able to satisfy the lowest request of the surface water environment quality standard,with above 70% of the key lakes and reservoirs which were not suitable to takes as the life tap water source place.The volume of national sewage withdrawal achieved 53 700 000 000 tons in 2006.The total volume of sewage disposal,the industrial waste withdrawal,and the sanitary sewage withdrawal were increased year by year at an average rate of 4%,2.1%,and 5.9% from 1998 to 2006,respectively.There was the serious phenomenon that statistical data was failed to report through the water consumption compared to be discovered that the national sewage withdrawal.The reuse of sewage was mainly concentrated in the small scale urban miscellaneous expenses,whereas the large-scale industry sewage regeneration was in the exploration stage,and the agricultural and the large-scale ecology had only the beginning.更多还原