【摘要】 通过汶川地震都江堰市建筑震害考察发现,结构中填充墙破坏十分普遍,为此首先总结和讨论了填充墙的几种常见破坏形式及一些典型的填充墙框架失效机理;其次,通过设计例题分析灾区常见的3种形式的框架填充墙结构,并结合结构实际震害特点与相关研究,重点分析了填充墙对结构提高整体抗震能力的作用和影响.研究结果表明,填充墙能够增加结构的整体承载能力,增加结构的抗侧刚度,提高结构整体的变形能力;但填充墙刚度效应在地震作用下容易引起薄弱层破坏和扭转破坏,填充墙的约束效应产生短柱破坏,使结构严重受损甚至出现倒塌.由于填充墙多为脆性材料,一般要先于结构构件发生破坏,从而吸收地震能量,建议以填充墙作为第一道防线的结构整体抗震设计思想.更多还原

【Abstract】 According to the actual survey by seismic damage assessment program for building structures in Dujiangyan City after Wenchuan earthquake,it was found that infills got badly damaged.So firstly,several typical damaged modes of infills and failure mechanisms of infilled frame are introduced and summarized,respectively.Secondly,combining the designed 3 types of infilled frames and actual damaged characteristics of infilled frame in the disaster area,functions and influence of infills to the structure are detailed and emphasized with correlative research.The results show that infills can increase the global bearing capacity,lateral stiffness and deformation capacity of frame structures.However,infills can also lead to weak layer failure and torsion failure due to stiffness effect and short column damage due to confinement effect,which would cause badly damaged to the structure and even collapse.Infills are usually damaged more quickly than frame because of their brittle materials,which can absorb earthquake energy in advance.Therefore,an idea of infills as the first line of defense for the building is advised in the end.更多还原