【摘要】 基于海北州天然草地退化沙化的事实,简要分析了退化沙化的表现和危害,重点阐述了区域天然草地退化沙化的多层次原因,提出了相应的应对策略和建议。分析表明:海北州天然草地退化沙化的直接原因为超载过牧和生物链遭到破坏,间接原因为牧业人口数量的增加和畜牧技术的应用,内在原因为高寒气候特点和复杂地形造成区域草地生态系统的脆弱性。提出3项对策建议:推行计划生育,增加教育投资,控制并逐步减少牧业人口;大力推行现代高效畜牧业发展模式,发展栽培草地,实施"以草定畜";树立"不再破坏就是保护"的意识,开展天然草地的有限治理。更多还原

【Abstract】 The natural meadow resources were abundant in Haibei district,but the desertification and degeneration became serious gradually with the continuous stockbreeding development for many years.According to the fact of natural meadow deterioration and desertification in Haibei district,this paper analyzed the harm of meadow deterioration and desertification,expatiated emphatically the multi-layers causes,and put forward corresponding countermeasure and suggestions.The result showed that the direct causes of meadow deterioration and desertification in Haibei were overloading,overgrazing and the break of biological chain;the indirect causes were population increment and livestock technical application,the fundamental causes were frangibility of meadow ecosystem environment induced by alpine-cold climate characteristic and complicated geography.Finally,three strategies were put forward,including encouraging family planning,increasing education investment,controlling and reducing the husbandry population,implementing modern and efficient stockbreeding development mode,developing artificial grassland,determining domestic animal number according to forge production,building the protection consciousness,and developing finite governance of natural meadow.更多还原