【摘要】 在入射激波作用下,采用单色光谱测试系统研究了真空条件下纳米铝对硝基甲烷快速反应的影响,对快速反应过程中的主要产物的出现时间和辐射强度进行了测量。研究发现,添加纳米铝（1g）后,硝基甲烷（1mL）点火延迟时间提前了60%,辐射强度增强了30%～100%;激波速度和反应温度分别提高了1.4倍和2.2倍。结果表明,纳米铝明显加速了硝基甲烷快速反应过程,并使其爆炸效率大大提高。为了探索纳米铝催化硝基甲烷快速反应的反应机理,在实验段分别充入O₂(2×10^-3MPa)、H₂O(4×10^-3MPa)和CO₂(6×10^-3MPa)气体,研究了不同环境条件下纳米铝对硝基甲烷快速反应的影响。发现对于硝基甲烷爆炸效能的增强,O₂的效果最为明显,其次为H₂O,CO₂的效果最差。回收反应后的实验样品,并进行XRD检测,检测结果证实了单色光谱观察到的现象。此研究将对探索新型燃料空气炸药（FAE）的爆炸机理提供新的实验数据。更多还原

【Abstract】 Fast reactions between nitromethane and nano-aluminum are studied by monochrometer in incident shock waves under vacuum conditioa In comparison with species produced by pure nitromethane,the delay time of shock ignition of nitromethane（1mL） after addition of nano-aluminum（1g） decreases by 60%and the emission intensity increases by 30%～100%,the shock wave diffusion velocity and reaction temperature increase by 1.4 times and 2. 2 times,respectively.The results demonstrate that nano-aluminum have positive effect on accelerating the decomposition rate of nitromethane and that the explosion efficiency of nitromethane is greatly improved.In order to investigate mechanism of the nano-aluminum and nitromethane in the rapid reaction.Fast reactions are carried out between nitromethane and nano-aluminum in varying environments O₂(2×10^-3 MPa),H₂O(4×10^-3 MPa) and CO₂(6×10^-3 MPa).The results reveal that O₂ and an appropriate amount of H₂O can improve the explosion efficiency of nitromethane, whereas CO₂ has the weakest effect on improving this parameter.To clarify this point,the residues are recovered and quantificationally tested by X-ray diffraction analyses,which confirms the spectroscopic results.The investigation may provide insights into the process occurring in actual systems involving fuel air explosives（FAE）.更多还原