【摘要】 梯形明渠临界水深的求解过程是求解一个单变量超越方程的过程,理论上无解析解。通过引入无量纲参数——单位水面宽度,对梯形明渠临界水深的基本公式进行恒等变形,得到计算梯形明渠临界水深的迭代公式,再与合理的迭代初值配合使用。推导出4套梯形断面临界水深的直接计算公式,其中2套计算公式印证了前人的成果,并为前人的公式推导提供了简捷、充分的理论依据。通过对多家公式形式的表述和比较,并根据精度1%和1‰的不同要求进行误差分析,结果表明:4套直接计算公式理论性强,形式简单,适用范围广,计算精度高,值得推广。更多还原

【Abstract】 The solution process of critical depth on trapezoidal channel is to solute a single variable.There is no analytic solution in theory.With a reasonable initial interaction,by introducing a dimensionless parameter——unit surface width and doing on identical deformation of a critical depth formula on trapezoidal channel,the critical depth formula on the trapezoidal channel can be obtained.There are four sets of direct critical depth formulas on trapezoidal cross-section,in which two sets of formulas confirmed previous results and provide a simple,full theory basis for the previous formula derived.The calculated results show that the four sets of direct formulas possess stronger theoretic and simple forms,may be applied to a wide range with high accuracy,and in accordance with the accuracy of 1% and 1 ‰ to the different requirements,errors of every formula are analyzed.更多还原