【摘要】 溶致液晶的研究和应用近年来得到快速的发展。介绍了目前的研究现状,对其工作进行了系统的总结。特别结合自身的工作,介绍了液晶的形成过程、结构特点、物理性质以及研究方法。通过小角X射线衍射、2HNMR谱图、Raman谱图、纹理照片和流变曲线等方法的测定,其结果可以确定液晶样品类型,进行对照和互为补充的分析,为精确区分提供可靠的途径。最后对溶致液晶的重要应用作了介绍,如作为润滑剂、制备材料的模板以及用于三次采油等方面。更多还原

【Abstract】 Research work and application of surfactant lyotropic liquid crystals were developed quickly in recent years.The current progress on the research work with respect to lyotropic liquid crystal was introduced.Particularly the formation process,structural features,physical properties as well as the method for the study of liquid crystal were summarized comprehensively.Various methods such as small-angle X-ray diffraction,2HNMR spectra,Raman spectra,polarizing texture and rheometer et al were used to identify the type of liquid crystals.The results of above methods complement each other and can be used to distinguish the types of lyotropic liquid crystal exactly.The applications of the lyotropic liquid crystal such as in lubricants,template for preparation of porous materials and nanostructured particles,as well as the applications in enhanced crude oil recovery were presented.更多还原