【摘要】 为了研究生活饮用水中低剂量污染物质对人体健康的影响,应用淡水发光细菌青海弧菌Q67检测了用生活饮用水卫生标准（GB5749—2006）限制检出的14种物质配制的混合液在不同pH值时的毒性及其不同稀释度对发光细菌发光抑制的动力学曲线。同时,为了探寻多元混合物的联合毒性对发光细菌作用的机制,分别测定了14种物质中的氯化铜、氯化锌和重铬酸钾对发光细菌的单一毒性的EC₅₀,以及等浓度配比和等毒性配比的二元混合体系的联合毒性,采用相加指数法对其联合毒性效应进行了评价,同时采用统计学方法二次2因子回归通用旋转组合实验设计研究了二元混合体系的联合毒性作用。结果表明,14种限制检出物质的混合液对发光细菌有明显的抑制作用;3种重金属化合物的等浓度比和等毒性比二元混合体系的联合毒性作用结果一致,氯化铜与重铬酸钾呈拮抗作用,氯化铜与氯化锌、氯化锌与重铬酸钾均为协同作用;而采用统计学方法在本文条件下可得出:3种二元混合物的毒性效应,其相互影响因它们浓度而异。研究表明14种限制检出物质,尽管它们的浓度均符合国标有关限制浓度值,但他们共存时的联合毒性十分显著,可能对生物和人体有害。更多还原

【Abstract】 This paper is aimed to investigate the joint effects of low doses of pollutants in drinking water on the safety of human health through the analysis of the toxicity effects of the mixtures of the 14 substances in Healthy drinking water quality standards （GB 5749— 2006）with different pH in it.The paper has also analyzed the kinetic curve of the mixture with different degrees of dilution of negative ef- fects.In order to define the effects of the joint toxicity on the lumi- nescent bacteria,we have made sure respectively the single toxicity of cupric chloride,zinc chloride and potassium dichromate of the four- teen substances,as well as the joint toxicity of binary mixtures in e- quiconcentration and equitoxicity ratios to luminescent bacteria.In addition,additive index method has also been used to evaluate the joint toxicity effect.The conclusion has thus been made that the mix- tures of the 14 substances tend to produce negative effect on the lumi- nescent bacteria.If 5 minutes were given to let the suppression ration of 100% to react to the mixture,the suppression ration would reach 92.53%,while the suppression ration was zero,if it reacted for 20 minutes and with its concentration of 68.38% for 15 minutes.How- ever,the suppression ration would get to 92.53 %,if the suppression ration was zero and was let to react for 20 minutes.Thus,our experi- ments have shown that EC₅₀proves the strongest condition,just next to the neutrality condition and alkaline condition.In addition,a con- sistent conclusion has also been drawn from both equiconcentration mixtures and equitoxicity ones that the joint effect of the binary mix- ture of cupric chloride and potassium dichromate tends to be antago- nistic with the joint effects of the cupric chloride and zinc chloride, with zinc chloride and antagonistic being synergistic.Therefore,the results of our experiments indicate that although the concentrations of the 14 substances prove below the Healthy Drinking Water Quality Standards,the coexistence of the joint toxicity of such elements proves to be remarkable and detrimental to the organisms in the envi- ronment around us as well as to our health.更多还原