【摘要】 目的回顾性评估西安地区斑疹伤寒的疫情和流行特点,为防治斑疹伤寒提供科学依据。方法采用外裴氏反应和补体结合试验联合检测进行病例诊断,采用传染病报告卡片方式报告疫情。结果西安市1950—2005年累计报告5671例,其中1950—1989年报告4791例(84.48%),死亡4例,病死率8.35%;1990—1999和2000—2005年分别报告836例(14.74%)和44例(0.78%)。除60和80年代2次地方性流行外,发病率波动在0.07/10万～1.99/10万之间,年发病数均低于80例。结论西安市各年代发病均以散发为主,属一般流行区。随着郊区开发、经济旅游业发展,人群集结移动引发的生态环境变化,使传染病远距离传播危险增加,疫源地和流动人群感染概率增高,疾控部门应该重视相关的科学宣教和疾病监控,以防暴发。更多还原

【Abstract】 [Objective] To evaluate the epidemical condition and characteristics of typhus in Xi’an and provide scientific evidence for the prevention work.[Methods]Complement Fixation(CF) test and Well-Felix test were applied for the detection and case diagnosis;infectious disease report card was adopted to report the epidemic situation.[Results] Accumulative total of 5671 cases were reported during 1950—2005,4791 cases of which(84.48%) were reported during 1950—1989(4 cases died;8.35%),836 cases(14.74%) during 1990—1999 and 44 cases(0.78%) during 2000—2005;except for two local epidemics in the 1960’s and the 1980’s,the morbidity ranged between 0.07/10lakh and 1.99/10lakh and the annual morbidity was below 80 cases.[Conclusion] The prevalence of typhus in Xi’an was dispersed in all the ages;but with the development of rural areas and the population migration,distance infection of the infectious diseases is increasing and the infection rate among the floating population is also increasing;relevant education and disease surveillance should be improved in the disease control institutions.更多还原