【摘要】 对从太湖收集的野生翘嘴红鲌(Erythroculter ilishaeformis Bleeker)经人工繁殖获得子一代,并在池塘养殖条件下对其进行人工培育获得成熟亲鱼。于2005年6月,经人工催产、人工授精获得受精卵,对其胚胎及胚后发育全过程进行了系统观察。结果表明,池塘养殖条件下人工培育能获得成熟亲鱼,经人工催产所获得的翘嘴红鲌受精卵为圆球型,呈墨绿色、青灰色、黄色等3种颜色;平均卵径为0.9mm(0.72~1.18mm),吸水后平均卵径为1.2mm。翘嘴红鲌胚胎发育过程可分为19期,在水温23~25℃范围内,受精30min后开始第1次卵裂,受精后9h20min开始形成器官,受精后约26h仔鱼开始出膜,刚出膜的仔鱼全长为4.10~4.67mm,胚胎发育总积温为619.82℃?h。翘嘴红鲌胚后发育过程可分为仔鱼和稚鱼2个阶段共15个发育期,在26~31℃水温下历时670h,其中仔鱼阶段从鱼苗孵出到腹鳍形成期,稚鱼阶段从鳞片出现到鳞片形成期。对各发育时期外部形态特征进行了详细的描述。更多还原

【Abstract】 Fry produced by artificial reproduction of Taihu Lake wild population of Erythroculter ilishaeformi Bleeker were stocked and bred in pond for the purpose of harvesting pond cultured brood fish. Fertilized eggs from pond cultured parent fish were obtained by induced spawning and artificial fertilization,and the observation of embryonic and postembryonic development processes was systematically carried out during June of 2005 in Huzhou. The results showed that the fertilized eggs of pond-cultured parent fish had an initial average size of 0.9 mm (ranging from 0.72 mm to 1.18 mm) in diameter. They had a sphere-like form,greenish black or caesious or yellow color,and bulged to 1.2 mm in diameter after absorbing water. At water temperature of 23-25 ℃,the process of embryonic development could be divided into 19 stages,which were described as follows:fertilized egg at 0 min,blastodisc forming stage at 20 min post fertilization(PF),2-cell stage at 30 min PF;early blastula stage at 2 h and 40 min PF,early gastrula stage at 5 h 10 min PF,neurula stage at 7 h and 20 min PF,blastopore closure stage at 8 h and 10 min PF;myotome forming stage at 9 h and 20 min PF,optic rudiment stage at 10 h and 20 min PF,optic vesicle stage at 11 h and 5 min PF,olfactory placode stage at 11 h and 30 min PF;tail bud stage at 12 h and 10 min PF,otic capsule stage at 12 h and 40 min PF,caudal fin forming stage at 13 h 50 min PF;lens forming stage at 14 h and 50 min PF;heart rudiment stage at 15 h and 20 min PF,otolithes forming stage at 17 h and 30 min PF,heart pulsating stage at 23 h PF,and hatching-out stage at 25 h and 40 min PF when the accumulative temperature reached 619.82 ℃ ?h and the size of larvae ranged about 4.10-4.67 mm in body length. At water temperature of 26-32 ℃,the postembryonic development of E. ilishaeformis lasted for 670 h,which experienced two periods,namely larvae (from hatching stage to ventral fin forming stage) and juvenile (from scale emerging stage to scales forming stage),or 15 stages,namely hatching stage,rudiment of pectoral fin stage,gill arch stage,xanthic eye stage,melanoid eye stage,air bladder emerging stage,one chamber air bladder stage,yolk exhausting stage,dorsal fin differentiating stage,caudal tip lifting stage,two chamber air bladder stage,dorsal fin and anal fin forming stage,ventral fin forming stage,scales emerging stage and scales forming stage.更多还原