【摘要】 基于改革开放以来我国的能源消费趋势,探讨了我国能源消费过程中存在的主要问题,指出能源利用强度低、结构不合理是引发区域大气环境问题的主要原因。在此基础上,重点分析了我国能源消费过程中产生的环境问题,从能源结构与大气污染物的排放、污染物排放与大气环境质量两个方面探讨了能源消费与区域大气环境的响应关系,提出了建立社会经济目标(区域规划指标)和环境目标(城市环境质量达标、污染物排放总量控制)约束条件下的能源结构调整与节约思路。同时借鉴国外节能减排措施及经验,针对我国节能减排目标和工作中存在的主要问题,提出了相应的对策和建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 This article analyzes the current energy status and development trends from the perspectives of resources,production and consumption and in the context of implications for the environment and economic and social development,and explores opportunities and challenges for China.The existing issues of energy consumption in China are described in terms of energy efficiency,per capita energy consumption,and corresponding environmental pressure.Along with the air quality impacts of energy consumption on the local,regional and global scale,this paper focuses on SO₂ and acid rain caused by energy consumption in the region, greenhouse gases and global warming,and points out that the main causes of regional air environmental issues were low energy intensity and an irrational structure of energy use.The relationship between energy consumption and regional air environment is discussed in terms of energy structure,air pollutant emission and air quality to support the ideas of energy structure adjustment and energy saving under the constraints of socio-economic goals（regional planning indexes） and environmental targets（urban environmental quality standards and total emission controls for air pollutants）.Combined with the current policy requirements for energy-saving and emission reduction in China,and based on the experience of developed countries,the corresponding measures and suggestions are proposed to solve the main issues of energy-saving and emission reduction in China.First, regard energy saving and consumption reduction as a long-term strategy to resolve the problems caused by energy consumption.Second,improve legislation and enforcement,and promote management of energy-saving and emission reduction.Third, optimize energy utilization patterns,develop technologies for reducing energy use,and improve energy utilization efficiency.Fourth,set up integrated policies and establish favorable incentive and restraint mechanisms.更多还原