【摘要】 从人类旅游干扰与生态系统响应互作的双重视角,选择保护区3个核心景区的不同植被类型,在初春植物萌芽敏感期(旅游"五一"黄金周期间),分别进行0~500次的践踏处理,并在2周、3个月后跟踪调查植被与土壤的响应情况。研究结果表明:①旅游践踏强度与植物生长负效应呈显著相关,各种类型植被都表现为高度降低,盖度下降,种群发生变异,土壤硬度增加等负面效应,即使经过2周和3个月恢复,践踏对植被生长负面影响并没有消失,仍在持续;②不同植被类型对人类旅游践踏干扰响应差别较大。小南川景区对旅游践踏响应最大,梁殿峡次之,野荷谷最小;③结合旅游者对景区土壤裸露度的可接受改变限度(Limits of Acceptable Change,LAC)测定,小南川景区在处理前后,均超过了LAC阈值;梁殿峡景区仅在500次践踏强度处理下,2周后LAC超过阈值,3个月后,恢复到LAC阈值以内;野河谷景区在75~500次践踏处理后,2周内都超过LAC阈值,3个月后250次和500次处理仍超过阈值水平。可见,瞬间饱和践踏很容易对植被带来重大破坏,这些后续变化已影响到旅游者游憩体验。3种地表植被类型中,除野荷谷景区外,小南川和梁殿峡景区植被长期管理问题十分突出。因此,在目前保护区缺乏系统规划建设前提下,采取相关措施已十分必要。更多还原

【Abstract】 This paper describes a case study of three scenic locations with typical vegetation in the Liupan Mountain national nature reserve.We monitored vegetation response to human trampling disturbance during the ’Golden Week’ tourism peak in early May,which occurs during the vegetation budding stage.Three replicate sets of experimental trampling lanes were established for each vegetation type.Each set comprised five lanes which were 0.5m wide and 1.5m long.Where the lanes occurred on a slope,they were oriented parallel to contours.Treatments were randomly assigned.One lane was a control and received no trampling,and the other lanes received 25,75,200 and 500 passes.A pass consisted of a one-way walk,at a natural gait,along the lane.The weight of tramplers was about 70kg and tramplers wore lug-soled boots with incised treads.Initial measurements were taken immediately before trampling.Follow-up measurements were taken both two weeks after trampling and three months after trampling,to observe the response of plants and soil during the stage of maximum growth productivity.The results show that with increased intensity of human trampling,the height of plant community(HR) and vegetation coverage(CR) decreased,composition of plants(FD) varied,and soil hardness(SHI) increased.Throughout the recovery period,the trampling disturbance still had effects on the vegetation.There were differences in tolerance and recovery capability for different types of vegetation.The Xiao Nanchuan scenic spot was most sensitive to tourism trampling,Liang Dianxia was second,and the Ye Hegu scenic spot was the most resistant to trampling.Compared with the Limits of Acceptable Change(LAC),the Xiao Nanchuan scenic spot exceeded the LAC threshold at all levels of trampling.In Liang Dianxia,only for the 500-treatment trampling did the LAC exceed the threshold after two weeks,and three months later,the LAC was below the threshold.In the Ye Hegu scenic spot, all treatments from 75 to 500 times of trampling exceeded the LAC threshold two weeks later,and after three months,the 200 and 500-times treatments still exceeded the LAC threshold.It is very important for the Liupan Mountain reserve to strengthen planning and regulation of vegetation trampling.更多还原