【摘要】 氮肥是农作物的主要肥料,氮肥施入农田后,被作物吸收、利用的仅占其施入量的40%~50%,还有相当一部分经各种途径损失于环境之中,成为重要的污染源。探索合理的水肥管理措施,减少氮肥流失,对减轻水环境影响具有重要意义。通过布置水稻不同的灌溉方式、施肥方式及施肥水平的对比试验,从水稻田氮素流失主要途径着手,监测并分析了不同灌溉方式的灌溉水量、降雨利用量以及氮素的转化和流失量,分析了不同施肥方式及施肥水平水稻田氮素流失情况,提出了保障高产、减少化肥流失量并适合当地条件的灌溉方式、施肥方式和施肥水平。并对科学水肥管理制度的技术特点、操作模式、管理要求、配套措施提出了建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 Nitrogenous fertilizer is one of the major fertilizer for crops.In paddy fields,only 40%~50% of the nitrogenous fertilizers are absorbed by crops,the others are remained in the environment and become the main pollutant sources.Therefore,to explore the reasonable management measures for water and fertilizers is of great importance for alleviating the effect of nitrogenous fertilizer on water environment.Through contrast experiment with different treatments of irrigation ways,fertilizing approach and amount,this paper analyzes nitrogen transfer and losses,rainfall utilization and irrigation quantity in different treatments.Finally,the reasonable irrigation ways,fertilizing approach and amount are recommended.更多还原