【摘要】 虽然全球价值链、产业集群等理论研究非常关注知识学习和创造的过程与机制,但是分析视角的"中观"属性使这些理论的研究较少与"微观"企业层次的能力积累建立直接的关联。然而,对于参与国际竞争的集群企业来说,亟待解决的首要问题恰恰是如何充分利用外部网络中包含的各种知识源来强化自身的竞争能力。这种理论与现实之间的张力引发了两个值得深入探讨的问题:全球网络与本地网络中的各种知识转移效应和机制是否能够作用于集群企业能力的构建?如果外部网络机制和效应的影响确实存在,那么各自的程度又如何?基于全球价值链、产业集群以及企业层次技术能力研究的已有文献,通过对中国浙江两个专业化产业集群进行问卷调查和实地访谈所获得的数据,对外部网络效应与集群企业技术能力之间的关系进行实证检验后显示:(1)并非所有的外部网络效应都能够影响集群企业的技术能力;(2)即使某些效应确实能够对集群企业的技术能力产生影响,其对不同技术子能力的影响程度也存在差异。更多还原

【Abstract】 Although global value chain (GVC) analysis and industrial cluster theoretical research focus on the processes and mechanisms of knowledge learning and creation, both of them seldom establish direct linkage between their theoretical threads and ″micro-level″ accumulation of firm’s capabilities since these analytical perspectives are ″meso-level″ and mainly focus on the inter-organization relationship. However, to those clustered local firms who participate international competition, the principal problem needs to be resolved is how to efficiently use the knowledge sources included in external networks to reinforce their competitive capabilities. The tension between the theoretical research and reality induces two problems worthy of further discussion: Do any of the knowledge transfer effects and mechanisms in global and local network influence the accumulation of local firm capabilities? And if the influence of the external network effects really exists, then to what extent will each of the effects influence the capabilities?Based on the extant literatures of global value chain, industrial clusters and firm-level technological capabilities, this paper empirically tests the relationship between external network effects and the accumulation of local firm’s technological capabilities by utilizing the data collected from two clusters of Zhejiang Province, China. The empirical results show that, (1) not all external network effects can influence the accumulation of local firm’s technological capabilities; (2) despite certain network effects really influence the accumulation of local firm’s technological capabilities, the extent of these influences are different among sub-technological capabilities.更多还原