【摘要】 目的:通过对运动员的心肌收缩力储备指数(CCRI)和心率储备指数(HRRI)的检测和探讨,以确定运动员心功能储备中心力变化与心率变化的相关作用和关系。方法:运动员和普通大学生为实验对象,随机纳入受试者60名,分4组,分别为男运动员组(MA,n=10),普通男大学生组(MC,n=10)、女运动员组(FA,n=20)和普通女大学生组(FC,n=20)。各组受试者在功率自行车上做递增负荷实验直至疲劳,在整个测试过程中,用Monark 839E采集受试者的安静心率、运动实时心率。在递增负荷实验的同时,应用传感器记录受试者在安静时和运动的每个阶段的第一心音(S1)幅值,通过对MA组与MC组及FA组与FC组在完成不同运动负荷下心前区的S1幅值和心率变化的监测,分别比较在不同运动负荷下受试者的S1与安静时S1的比值(CCRI),并实时监测心率,记录比较在不同运动负荷下受试者的心率与安静时心率的比值(HRRI);并分别比较男性受试者(MA组与MC组)的CCRI和HRRI在不同负荷下的区别,女性受试者(FA组与FC组)CCRI和HRRI的区别,以及不同运动时间的CCRI和HRRI的区别。结果:男运动员的心率储备约为2.44±0.27,心力储备约为12.83±3.11;普通男大学生的心率储备约为2.18±0.32,心力储备约为9.48±3.47。女运动员的心率储备约为2.20±0.57,心力储备约为12.06±5.60;普通女大学生的心率储备约为2.04±0.25,心力储备约为9.17±2.89。CCRI比较:MA组和MC组之间有显著性差异(P<0.05),MA的CCRI大约是MC的1.35倍,FA组与FC组之间有显著性的差异(P<0.05),FA组的CCRI大约是FC组的1.32倍;安静状态下的心率比较,MA组的心率明显低于MC组的心率(P<0.05),FA组的心率明显低于FC组的心率(P<0.05);而运动过程中及运动后的心率比较,运动员与普通大学生的心率间均没有显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论:运动员的心力储备指数(CCRI)显著的高于普通大学生(P<0.05),运动员较好的心脏功能主要来自心力储备而较少来自心率储备。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective:The exercise cardiac contractility monitor (ECCM) and phonocardiograph-sensor were put into using to detect and record the subject’s cardiac contractility and heart rate simultaneously in order to obtain the relevant cardiac reserve information on the heart rate and the cardiac contractility reserve of the athlete and the common college student and explore their corresponding relation during and after exercise that the statistics analyzing was applied.Methods:There were randomly 60 subjects,grouping into male athlete(MA,n=10),male college student(MC,n=10),female athlete(FA,n=20),female college student(FC,n=20).They performed on Monark 839E Computerized Ergometer with increasing loads till fatigue,the ECCM was put into using to detect and record the amplitude of the first heart sound (S1) of the subjects during the rest time and different exercise stage,Polar Monitor was applied to monitor the heart rate.To compare the cardiac reserve the amplitude of the S1 was recorded at rest time and during and after exercise,the cardiac contractility reserve index (CCRI) and the heart rate reserve index (HHRI) of the athlete and the college student under the varied exercise workload were analyzed.Results:Under the condition of this experiment,the HRRI of MA was 2.44±0.27,CCRI was 12.83±3.11;CCRI was 5.26 times of HRRI;the HRRI of MC was 2.18±0.32,CCRI was 9.48±3.47;CCRI was 4.35 times of HRRI.The HRRI of FA was 2.20±0.57,CCRI was 12.06±5.60;CCRI was 5.48 times of HRRI;The HRRI of FC was 2.04±0.25,CCRI was 9.17±2.89;CCRI was 4.49 times of HRRI.CCRI comparison:between MA and MC(P<0.05),the CCRI of MA was 1.35 time of MC,between FA and FC group(P<0.05),the CCRI of FA was 1.32 times of FC.Comparison of the HR of rest time:HR of MA was significantly lower than the HR of MC(P<0.05),HR of FA was significantly lower than the HR of FC(P<0.05).There was a significant difference between the athlete and the college student in the CCRI data (P<0.05),and there was a significant difference between the athlete and the college student in the HR data at the rest (P<0.01),but there was no obvious difference in heart rate between them during exercise and after exercise (P>0.05).Conclusions:The result indicated that the high level of cardiac function of the athlete is derived mainly from the cardiac contractility reserve and less from the heart rate reserve.The CCRI can be a reliable indicator for evaluation of cardiac reserve.更多还原