【摘要】 虎跳峡坝址为金沙江流域上下游鱼类的分界处,水生生境敏感而脆弱。科学预测水库蓄水对水温的影响,对于研究水库兴建对水生生物的影响,保护金沙江流域鱼类资源,探讨水库泄水对下游农田灌溉作物的影响具有重要意义。综合应用多种水库水温预测模型和方法,对虎跳峡水库蓄水后对库区和下游河道水温的影响进行了预测,并分析了水库泄水对下游灌溉作物的影响。结果表明,虎跳峡水库蓄水后库区水温比蓄水前明显升高,正常蓄水位1 950 m和2 010 m两个方案库区年均水温分别增加5.9℃和5.6℃,且6月~次年1月水温增幅较大;4~9月水库泄水水温比天然河段水温分别低3.5~6.2℃和3.3~7.1℃,两个方案都将对坝下采用干渠取水灌溉的农田作物带来一定的影响。更多还原

【Abstract】 The Hutiaoxia Dam is located at the dividing line of two fish species between upstream and downstream within Jingsha River Basin,where local aquatic ecosystem is frail and sensitive to fish and other biota.Thus,forecasting altered water temperatures has important significance in estimating effects of the reservoir on aquatic biota species composition and discharged cool water on crops downstream.It also plays an important role in making polices on the protection of fish populations and species.Several model of forecasting water temper changes after dam construction were applied to analyze effects of Hutiaoxia reservoir on temperature changes both within the reservoir and downstream,and results show that at the normal water level of 1950 m and 2010 m,water temperatures within the reservoir increase 5.9℃and 5.6℃,respectively,whereas those figures downstream in the months from April to September of every year decrease 3.5-6.2℃ and 3.3-7.1℃,respectively.Furthermore,discharged cool water from Hutiaoxia reservoir at both the normal water levers will affect agricultural production under irrigation.更多还原