【摘要】 采用饱和入渗理论、Saint-Venant方程和Richards方程构建了以有限差分法求解的坡面流与壤中流耦合模型,并模拟了不同坡度和不同雨强下的坡面产汇流室内实验.结果表明:该模型模拟的坡面流和壤中流过程与实测过程基本一致,峰现时间、径流历时、峰值流量、出流总量模拟值与实测值的相对误差均较小,基本小于10%.模型的模拟精度较高,实用性较强,为深入研究壤中流机制和改进流域降雨-径流模型提供了理论依据.更多还原

【Abstract】 A coupled slope surface-subsurface flow model which can be solved by finite difference method was constructed with saturated infiltration theory,Saint-Venant equation,and Richards equation,and a series of slope runoff generation experiments under conditions of different slope grades and rain intensities were conducted in laboratory.The results showed that the simulated and observed processes of surface-subsurface flow accorded well,with the relative errors of peak time,flow duration,peak flow,and gross flow being mostly less than 10%.This precise and practicable model could be used in further studying the mechanisms of subsurface flow and in providing theoretical basis for improving rainfall-runoff watershed models.更多还原