【摘要】 利用自制木箱对嫁接在3309C、420A和110R砧木上的玛瓦斯亚葡萄(M)进行双侧根区交替灌溉(AI)和单侧灌溉(UI)两种水分胁迫处理,以探讨不同葡萄砧穗组合对干旱的适应能力.结果表明:水分胁迫导致葡萄叶片ABA浓度大幅度增加,AI和UI的3种组合平均分别提高了267.5%和394.7%,而气孔导度和蒸腾速率显著下降.UI处理的3种组合叶片SOD和CAT活性显著增加,脯氨酸(Pro)含量极显著增加,且均以M/110R增幅较大,M/3309C增幅较小;而AI处理的SOD和CAT活性增加较小,但Pro含量显著增加.干旱胁迫导致葡萄叶片质膜透性、MDA和H2O2含量极显著增加,以M/3309C增加最多,M/110R增加较少.不同砧穗组合适应干旱逆境的能力主要取决于砧木品种,110R适应干旱逆境的能力强于420A和3309C,其对应的嫁接植株的生长量亦呈同样趋势.与根区单侧灌溉相比,双侧根区交替灌溉对植株造成的伤害较小,是可推广的节水灌溉方式.更多还原

【Abstract】 By using self-made wooden boxes with two separated zones,the grapevine Vitis vinifera cv.Malvasia(M) grafted on rootstocks 3309C,420A and 110R,respectively,was planted,and the physiological and biochemical responses of these scion/rootstock combinations to bilateral alternative irrigation(AI) and unilateral irrigation(UI) were studied.The results showed that in treatments AI and UI,the average leaf ABA content of test scion/rootstock combinations increased by 267.5% and 394.7%,respectively,while stomatal conduction and transpiration decreased markedly.In treatment UI,the leaf SOD and CAT activities and Pro content were notably enhanced,with the greatest increment in M/110R and followed by in M/420A and M/3309C;while in treatment AI,the leaf SOD and CAT activities of test scion/rootstock combinations enhanced slightly and Pro content increased markedly.UI induced a remarkable increase of leaf relative electronic conductivity and MDA and H2O2 contents,with the highest increment in M/3309C and the lowest in M/110R.In summary,the drought resistance of different scion/rootstock combinations grapevine mainly depended on the variety of rootstock.110R had a higher drought-resistance than 420A and 3309C.Comparing with unilateral irrigation,bilateral alternative irrigation had lesser damage to grapevine,being a profitable water-saving irrigation technique.更多还原