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不同施肥方式对土壤氨挥发和氧化亚氮排放的影响

Effects of different fertilization modes on soil ammonia volatilization and nitrous oxide emission

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【作者】 李鑫巨晓棠张丽娟万云静刘树庆

【Author】 LI Xin1,2,JU Xiao-tang2,ZHANG Li-juan1,WAN Yun-jing2,LIU Shu-qing1(1College of Resources and Environmental Sciences,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071000,Heibei,China;2Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions of Education Ministry,College of Resources and Environment,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100094,China)

【机构】 河北农业大学资源与环境学院中国农业大学资源与环境学院教育部植物-土壤相互作用重点实验室河北农业大学资源与环境学院 河北保定071000中国农业大学资源与环境学院教育部植物-土壤相互作用重点实验室北京100094河北保定071000

【摘要】 采用密闭室间歇通气法和静态箱法对不同施肥方式(撒施后翻耕、条施后覆土、撒施后灌水)下的土壤氨挥发和氧化亚氮排放进行了研究.结果表明:不同施肥方式显著影响了土壤中的氨挥发和氧化亚氮排放.撒施后灌水处理明显促进了氨挥发,其最大氨挥发速率明显高于其它处理,氨挥发累计达2.465kgN.hm-2.不同施肥方式下氧化亚氮排放通量存在显著差异(P<0.05),且峰值出现时间也不同.施肥后第2天,撒施后灌水处理达到峰值,为193.66μg.m-2.h-1,而条施后覆土处理在施肥后第5天才出现峰值,为51.13μg.m-2.h-1,且其排放峰值在3种施肥方式中最低.撒施后灌水处理的氧化亚氮累积净排放量达121.55gN.hm-2,显著大于撒施后翻耕和条施后覆土处理.撒施后翻耕和条施后覆土处理能有效抑制氨挥发和氧化亚氮排放损失,是较为合理的施肥方式.

【Abstract】 With enclosed and static chambers,this paper studied the effects of different fertilization modes,i.e.,top-dressing nitrogen(N)fertilizer followed by tillage(SF),drilling N fertilizer followed by covering soil(TF),and top-dressing N fertilizer followed by irrigation(SS),on soil ammonia(NH3)volatilization and nitrous oxide(N2O)emission.The results showed that fertilization mode had significant effects on the NH3 volatilization and N2O emission.SS promoted NH3 volatilization obviously,with the maximum NH3 volatilization rate higher than other treatments and the total amount of cumulative NH3 volatilization up to 2.465 kg N·hm-2.There were significant differences(P<0.05)in the N2O flux among different treatments,and the peak appeared at different time.The N2O flux in SS got to its peak(193.66 μg·m-2·h-1)after two days of fertilization,while that in TF got to the peak(51.13 μg·m-2·h-1,the lowest among different treatments)after five days of fertilization.The net cumulative N2O emission in SS was 121.55 g N·hm-2,much higher than that of SF and TF.SF and TF reduced NH3 volatilization and N2O emission markedly,suggesting that both of them could be the rational and practicable N fertilization modes.

【基金】 国家自然科学基金项目(30571110,40571072和30390081);河北省自然科学基金资助项目(C2006000491).
  • 【文献出处】 应用生态学报 ,Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology , 编辑部邮箱 ,2008年01期
  • 【分类号】S153
  • 【被引频次】359
  • 【下载频次】3811
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