【摘要】 目的:了解四川省残疾人视力残疾的状况、特点及致残原因,提出相应的预防措施。方法:根据第二次全国残疾人抽样调查方案,采取分层、多阶段、整群、概率比例抽样。调查总人数125641人,共查出2479名视力残疾者,由经特殊培训的5年以上从业经验的眼科医师进行常规及特殊检查,分析视力残疾的原因。结果:视力残疾的前三位致残原因是白内障(55.71%)、视网膜及脉络膜疾病(9.52%)、角膜病(6.49%),其后依次是视神经疾病、遗传、先天发育异常、青光眼、屈光不正、外伤、其他、沙眼、弱视、原因不明、中毒。农村的视残率(2.22%)明显高于城市(1.40%)。结论:应针对不同的视力致残原因制定相应的预防视残措施。防盲工作首位是老年性疾病(老年性白内障、老年性视网膜疾病等),工作重点应在农村。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective: To investigate the situation characteristic and causes of the visual disability in Sichuan Province and to make preventive measures corresponding to different causes.Methods:According to the second national measures for sampling the disabled,undergo the sampling survey by methods of stratification、multi-phase、cluster and probability proportionment.There were 2 479 visual disabilities out of 125 641 people examined.Results:The first 3 main causes of visual disability were: cataract(55.71%)、retinal disease(9.52%)、cornea disease(6.49%);the others were following successively: optic nerve disease、hereditary/congenital、glaucoma、ametropia、trauma、miscellaneous、trachoma、amblyopia、unknown and toxication.Rural people suffered from visual disability(2.22%) were much more than urban people(1.40%).Conclusion:To take different preventive measures corresponding to different causes.The prevention of blindness of Sichuan should be focus on senile eye diseases(senile cataract、aged-related retinal diseases).The major work should be put in remote rural area.更多还原