【摘要】 化纤油剂主要由表面活性剂复配而成,用于防止静电、提高纤维抱合力、改善手感及使用性能等,是纤维生产和加工过程中不可缺少的助剂之一.介绍了表面活性剂的分类(阴离子型、阳离子型、两性离子型、非离子型和混合型表面活性剂)、定性鉴定[酸化法、染料指示剂法、沉淀法(鉴别非离子表面活性剂)、纸层析显色法、水解系统分析法]、分离(萃取法、离子交换法、色谱法)和结构分析[紫外光谱法(UV)、红外光谱法(IR)、核磁共振光谱法(NMR)、质谱法(MS)].更多还原

【Abstract】 Oiling agents for synthetic fibers are mainly composed with surfactants,and used to prevent static electricity,enhance fiber binding strength and improve the hand-feeling and performance etc.They are necessary auxiliaries in fiber production and processing.The surfactants are presented for their classification(anionic,cationic,amphoteric,nonionic and mixed ones),qualitative analyses(acidification,dye indication,precipitation for nonionic ones,paper chromatography and hydrolysis systematic analyses),isolation(extraction,ion-exchange and chromatography) and structural analyses(UV,IR,NMR and MS).更多还原