【摘要】 对235篇文献中314种野生种子植物的遗传多样性参数进行了统计分析。结果表明,目前常用的五种分子标记中,ISSR、等位酶和SSR的参数值间差异显著,彼此不宜直接比较,且与RAPD和AFLP的参数也不宜直接比较;显性标记RAPD和AFLP的参数之间可以直接比较。基于Hardy-Weinberg平衡的遗传分化指数Gst值明显低于基于AMOVA分析的Φst值,两者亦不宜直接比较。对基于RAPD和AFLP标记的179种植物的遗传多样性参数进行联合分析,结果表明:在种群水平上,裸子植物的遗传多样性比双子叶植物和单子叶植物都要高,而其遗传分化值较低;乔木的遗传多样性比草本和灌木高,而分化值更低;克隆植物具有比有性生殖更高的遗传多样性,在有性生殖植物中,异交植物最高,而自交植物最低;广布种的遗传多样性明显高于濒危和狭域分布种。更多还原

【Abstract】 This paper presented a statistical and comparative analysis of common parameters of plant genetic diversity by using relevant data of 314 wild plant species from 235 published articles.The results indicated that the parameters of genetic diversity revealed by RAPD and AFLP are comparable,but all parameters of genetic variation detected by ISSR,allozyme and SSR are incomparable,which are not comparative with those by RAPD and AFLP.The genetic differentiation value Gst based on Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium is obviously lower than the value Φst based on AMOVA analysis,which showed that these two parameters are incomparable as well.Furthermore,the statistical and comparative results of genetic diversity of 179 plant species by RAPD and AFLP indicated that at population level:1) the genetic diversity of gymnosperm is higher than those of both dicotyledon and monocotyledon of angiosperm,but lower genetic differentiation;2) the genetic diversity of tree is higher than those of shrub and herb,but lower genetic differentiation;3) the clonal plant has higher genetic diversity than those reproduce sexnally,and 4) the cross-breeding plant has higher genetic diversity than self-breeding plant;5) the widespread plant species has higher genetic diversity than the rare,endangered or endemic species.更多还原