【摘要】 目的建立化学中毒突发事故危害评估系统,在发生突发化学事故时对受污染水体进行快速、准确、简便的危害评估,指导应急救援工作。方法收集广东省危险化学源资料,分析毒物种类,选定8种不同毒物的数学扩散模型,结合本地气象、水文资料,建立一个开放的计算机评估平台,并模拟化学应急事故对水体污染进行评估。结果该系统建立多种管理功能模块,当化学应急事故发生后,只要在地图上标出事故发生点、化学品名称及数量,即可迅速对受污染水体进行评估,指出污染范围和持续时间,并提出应急救援方案。结论该系统能对广东发生的突发化学中毒事故迅速进行定量危害评估,为政府部门制定事故现场应急救援决策提供科学依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To make a rapid,accurate and easy evaluation on hazardous materials in water with the Hazard Evaluation System for Sudden Chemical Poisoning Accidents in Guangdong,and to guide the management for the accident.Methods By collecting and analyzing dangerous chemicals existing in Guangdong province,by choosing matching mathematical diffusion modules for 8 kinds of chemicals and by integrating hydrometeorological data,the computerized hazard evaluation system was built and used to evaluate an accident of water pollution by hazardous material.Results The system was modularized.When a chemical was spilled in water,after the accident point was signed in the map,the name and the amount of the chemical was identified,the report of the range and the duration of pollution can be illustrated rapidly.A rescue management can also be put forward.Conclusion The system can be successfully used to evaluate water pollution in chemical accidents rapidly in Guangdong province and to provide scientific basis for making management decisions.更多还原