【摘要】 目的了解25%氯硝柳胺悬浮剂(SCN)低水量高浓度喷雾实验室和现场灭螺效果。方法实验室配成40.0、20.0、10.0、5.0、3.3、2.5g/L和2.0g/L高浓度SCN药液,以不同用水量进行喷雾杀螺实验;现场SCN按有效成分含量0.5、1.0、2.0g/m2,以不同用水量进行喷雾灭螺实验;同时以50%氯硝柳胺乙醇胺盐可湿性粉剂(WPN)和清水进行对照试验,观察3、7、15d杀螺效果。结果在不同用水量条件下,实验室2g/m2SCN喷雾灭螺(有效成分含量0.5g/m2)3、7、15d钉螺死亡率为86%～100%;4g/m2(有效成分含量为1.0g/m2),钉螺死亡率为94%～100%;8g/m2(有效成分含量2.0g/m2),钉螺死亡率为98%～100%。现场SCN按有效成分含量0.5、1.0、2.0g/m2以不同用水量喷雾灭螺,3、7d和15d钉螺死亡率为86.08%～98.30%;随着用水量的减少,SCN杀螺效果下降不明显,而WPN杀螺效果下降较明显,两者差异有统计学意义(P>0.05)。实验室和现场SCN喷雾灭螺时钉螺死亡率均高于对应的WPN各浓度组钉螺死亡率;实验室SCN有效成分含量0.5g/m2与WPN有效成分含量1.0g/m2杀螺效果相仿;SCN有效成分含量1.0g/m2与WPN有效成分含量2.0g/m2杀螺效果相仿。结论SCN低水量高浓度喷雾灭螺,既减少用水量又可达到较好的杀螺效果,大大节省灭螺费用,适用于水源缺乏或远离水源地区的灭螺需要。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To understand the molluscicidal effect of spraying suspension concentrate of niclosamide (SCN) with low-water discharge and high concentrations in a laboratory and field. Methods SCN was made into solutions with high concentrations of 40.0,20.0,10.0,5.0,3.3,2.5 g/L and 2.0 g/L in the laboratory,and was used for molluscicidal experiments with different water discharges. SCN with effective contents of 0.5,1.0,2.0 g/m2 was used for molluscicidal experiments by spraying with different water discharges in the field. The experiments of niclosamide ethanolamine salt 50% wettable powder (WPN) and fresh water were performed as the control. The molluscicidal effects after the spraying for 3,7,15 d were observed. Results The mortality rates of snails by using spraying 2 g/m2 SCN (effective content: 0.5 g/m2) for 3,7,15 d were 86%-100% with different water discharges,94%-100% by using spraying 4 g/m2 SCN (effective content: 1.0 g/m2) and 98%-100% by using spraying 8 g/m2 SCN (effective content: 2.0 g/m2) in the laboratory. The mortality rates of snails by using spraying SCN with effective contents of 0.5,1.0,2.0 g/m2 for 3,7,15 d were 86.08%-98.30% with different water discharges in the field. It was indicated that,with the decline of water discharges,the molluscicidal effects of SCN did not decrease significantly. However,the molluscicidal effects of WPN decreased remarkably,there was a significant difference between SCN and WPN (P<0.05). The mortality rates of snails by using SCN were all higher than those by using WPN both in the laboratory and field. The mortality rate of snails by using SCN with the effective content of 0.5 g/m2 was similar to that of WPN with the effective content of 1.0 g/m2,and the mortality rate of SCN with the effective content of 1.0 g/m2 was similar to that of WPN with the effective content of 2.0 g/m2 in the laboratory. Conclusions SCN,spraying with low-water discharge and high concentrations,can not only reduce water discharge,but also gain a good molluscicidal effect and save the cost. It is suitable for snail control in lacking water areas and areas far from water sources.更多还原