【摘要】 采用炭化聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)/聚丙烯腈(PAN)核壳聚合物的方法制备了炭纳米空心球。以两步无皂乳液聚合法制备了PMMA/PAN核壳粒子:首先以间歇无皂乳聚合法制备出直径约200nm的PMMA粒子乳液,再以其作为种子乳液,以饥饿滴定法在PMMA外表面聚合一层厚度约30nm的PAN外壳。将制备的PMMA/PAN乳液冷冻干燥后,分别经过250℃预氧化及1000℃炭化工艺,制备了炭纳米空心球。透射电镜结果显示所有核壳粒子均炭化成空心球并呈现交联状态。更多还原

【Abstract】 Hollow carbon nanospheres(HCNs) were synthesized by carbonizing fine core/shell particles of polymethylmethacrylate(PMMA)/polyacrylonitrile(PAN).The PMMA/PAN core/shell particles were prepared using two-stage soapless emulsion polymerization.PMMA spheres with a diameter of approximately 200 nm were first synthesised by batch mode polymerization and then a PAN shell with a thickness of approximately 30 nm was polymerized on the surface of PMMA spheres by drop-wise addition of acrylonitrile monomer.After freeze drying,PMMA/PAN composite particles were stabilized in air at 250 ℃ and then carbonized in nitrogen at 1 000 ℃.Transmission electron microscopy of the final sample showed that all PMMA cores turned into pores and all PAN shells developed into carbon shells.The PMMA/PAN composite particles were converted to HCNs with some adhering with each other and some breaking of the carbon shells.更多还原