【摘要】 以苯酚、间甲酚和糠醛为原料,在正丙醇溶剂中以盐酸为催化剂经溶胶-凝胶过程合成了醇凝胶,直接超临界正丙醇干燥得到有机气凝胶,在氮气保护下裂解制备出富含中孔的炭气凝胶。用IR、N2吸附、SEM、TEM等表征气凝胶的结构特征,考察了间甲酚苯酚摩尔比对凝胶结构的影响。结果发现:提高间甲酚的含量能够增强聚合物的交联密度,减小聚合物与溶剂的相溶性,缩短相分离时间,有利于得到较小的纳米颗粒和孔径的炭气凝胶。所制得的炭气凝胶平均中孔孔径随间甲酚含量的增加从47nm逐渐减小至13nm,BET比表面积和中孔孔容在m-C/P=0.33时达到最大值。更多还原

【Abstract】 Carbon aerogels rich in mesopores were prepared by the sol-gel polycondensation of phenol, m-cresol, and furfural by an acid catalyst in a 1-propanol solution, followed by supercritical 1-propanol drying and pyrolysis. The effect of the ratios of m-cresol to phenol (m-C/P) on the properties of aerogels was investigated. The aerogels were characte￣rized by infrared spectroscopy, N2 adsorption, scanning and transmission electron microscopy. It was found that the microstructure of carbon aerogels could be adjusted by the m-C/P ratio. The average mesopore size of carbon aerogels decreased from 47 to 13nm with increasing m-C/P ratio. The surface area calculated using the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller method, external surface area, and mesopore volume of carbon aerogels, all exhibited maxima at the m-C/P ratio of 0.33.更多还原