【摘要】 [目的]了解北京地区建筑农民工艾滋病相关知识,探讨其影响因素,掌握该人群健康状况对艾滋病健康教育的需求,为建筑农民工艾滋病预防及健康教育工作提供科学依据。[方法]采用多级抽样方法及知情同意的原则,选取北京市2个建筑工地371名建筑工地农民工进行横断面现场调查。[结果]在北京建筑农民工平均年龄、已婚比例较全国高,外出打工的时间长,文化程度低,主诉易患疾病前3位的是:感冒、痢疾腹泻、皮肤病.对371名认为自己不会感染艾滋病的调查对象进行了现场问卷访谈,共涉及8个艾滋病相关问题,只有"输入带有艾滋病病毒的血液会得艾滋病吗","感染艾滋病病毒的妇女生下的小孩有可能得艾滋病吗"和"正确使用安全套可降低艾滋病病毒传播的风险吗"等3个问题回答正确人数在60%以上。说明有相当部分人群对艾滋病的传播途径缺乏正确的判断。[结论]建筑农民工艾滋病知识水平有待提高,应针对流动人口相关知识的薄弱环节如艾滋病传播途径和相关知识等方面开展宣传,应采用农民工易于理解和接受的语言、内容和方式,开展个性化的服务,不断增加农民工的艾滋病知识知晓率和自我防范意识,充分发挥报刊杂志、广播电视和网络等媒体的作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 [Objective]To study on health condition and the awareness of HIV/AIDS among off-farm workers at construction sites as well as the correlated factors to develop effective strategy for HIV/AIDS prevention and control.[Methods]Off-farm workers at construction sites were recruited through community center. The information about their demographic characteristics,self-reported health condition and awareness of HIV/AIDS prevention were collected with informed consent.[Results]Total 371 off-farm workers were recruited from two construction sites in Beijing. The average age and proportion within marriage were higher in Beijing comparing with those outside Beijing. The education level was low,and most of them thought that they would never be infected with HIV-1. Out of the 8 questions related to HIV/AIDS prevention,the correct awareness accounted for only 60%. Larger portion of them were more aware to the typical infection routes including unprotected sexually,mother-to-child,and irregular blood transfusion. However,some people were lack of knowledge on HIV transmission.[Conclusion]Our study results suggests that more intensive and effective propagandistic strategies should be developed to improve the awareness about HIV control and prevention among off-farmer workers in constriction sites. More attention should be paid to study new approaches that can really modify their behaviors toward no risky to HIV-1 infection and transmission.更多还原