【摘要】 神经干细胞存在于人类神经系统中,具有自我更新、活跃的增殖和分化能力、向脑内病变部位迁移以及分化成神经元、星形胶质细胞和少突胶质细胞的能力。近年来神经干细胞疗法已成为治疗多种疾病的新策略,其目的是替代、修复或加强受损的细胞或器官的生物学功能,是基因疗法的一种理想的靶细胞。应用主要集中以下几方面:①直接细胞移植进行替代治疗,神经干细胞作为细胞移植的来源,可以通过神经干细胞的体外移植或体内神经干细胞的激活,分化为神经元和胶质细胞,与已经存在的细胞结构整合到一起。②作为基因载体,携带治疗作用的报告基因进行移植,从而达到细胞替代和基因治疗的双重作用。③通过对生长因子和细胞因子的研究,诱导自身的神经干细胞分化进行神经自我修复。可广泛应用于脑外伤、脑血管病后脑功能损伤、脑瘤及其他疾病的治疗。更多还原

【Abstract】 Neural stem cells in human nervous system possess self-updating, the active proliferation and differentiation, migration to the brain lesions as well as the capacity of differentiating into neurons, astrocytes and oligodendrocytes cell. In recent years, the neural stem cell therapy has become a new strategy for the treatment of many nervous system diseases, which aims to replace, repair or reinforce damaged cells or the biological function of organs. It is a kind of ideal target cells of gene therapy. The application mainly focuses on the following aspects: ①Direct cell transplantation for replacement therapy: Neural stem cells as a source of cell transplantation can be transplanted in vitro or activate the neural stem cells in vivo, differentiating into neurons and glial cells, and integrate into a cell structure with the existing cell. ②As a gene vector: Carrying the gene with the role of treatment for transplantation, to achieve the dual role of the cell replace and gene therapy. ③Through the study of growth factor and cytokine, neural stem cells are induced to differentiate by themselves for self-repair. Neural stem cells can be widely used in the treatment of traumatic brain injury, brain injury after cerebrovascular disease, brain tumor and other diseases.更多还原