【摘要】 学术背景:紫外线辐射可造成机体表皮细胞DNA损伤,亦可诱发表皮细胞酶活性进行损害DNA的修复系统的启动。目的:概述近年来关于紫外辐射引起DNA损伤的修复机制研究成果。检索策略:应用计算机检索PubMed中1991-01/2007-08关于DNA损伤修复和DNA紫外线损伤的文章,在标题和摘要中以"UV-induced DNA damage and DNA repair"为检索词进行检索,限定文章语言种类为"English"。选择文章内容与DNA损伤修复和DNA紫外线损伤有关者,同一领域文献则选择近期发表或发表在权威杂志文章。文献评价:初检得到561篇文献,根据纳入标准选择关于紫外辐射引起DNA损伤及其修复的42篇文章进行综述。资料综合:环境污染使得紫外辐射增强,而紫外线辐射对机体表皮细胞的DNA具有损害作用,可导致环丁烷嘧啶二聚体和6-4光产物的形成。紫外光可激活光解酶来识别并黏附于环丁烷嘧啶二聚体,进行光酶性修复;还可以在受损的DNA中激活紫外线修复酶,启动剪切修复。光酶性DNA修复主要存在于原核生物或植物体中,紫外线修复酶系统则主要存在于细菌体内,高等生物体中由于缺乏光解酶,修复方式以核酸切除修复为主。结论:紫外辐射导致DNA损伤的产物以环丁烷嘧啶二聚体和6-4光产物为主。在多数生物体中,光复活作用用来清除环丁烷嘧啶二聚体产物,而核苷酸切除修复途径则用于6-4光产物的修复。人类DNA的损伤修复主要依赖于核苷酸切除修复途径。更多还原

【Abstract】 BACKGROUND:Ultraviolet(UV) radiation causes DNA lesion in human epidermal. It also activates enzymes in epidermal cells to start the repair of DNA lesion. OBJECTIVE:To analyze and review the research advances in the repair mechanisms of DNA lesions induced by ultraviolet radiation. RETRIEVAL STRATEGY:A computer-based online search of PubMed was undertaken to identify articles about DNA damage repair and DNA damage caused by ultraviolet radiation published in English between January 1991 and August 2007 with the of "UV-induced DNA damage and DNA repair" in the title and abstract. The articles about DNA damage and UV-induced DNA damage were selected. The articles with similar content published recently or in authorized journals were preferred. LITERATURE EVALUATION:561 articles were collected,and 42 of them were accorded with the inclusive criteria. DATA SYNTHESIS:With the increase of ultraviolet radiation caused by environmental pollution,DNA in human epidermal cells is damaged. Cyclobutane pyrimidine dimmer(CPD) and 6-4 photoproducts are the main forms of DNA lesions. Ultraviolet-visible light can activate DNA photolyase,which can break the ring of CPDs to repair DNA lesion,and activate repairase for excision repair. Photoenzymatic DNA repair mainly exists in prokaryotes and plants,and ultraviolet light repair enzyme system mainly acts in bacteria. In high organisms,which are lacking of DNA photolyase,nucleotide excision repair pathway is the main repair pathway. CONCLUSION:CPD and 6-4 photoproducts are the main forms of UV-induced DNA lesions. In most organisms,photoreactivation is directed towards CPDs,the major UV-induced lesion,and nucleotide excision repair is solely responsible for the repair of 6-4 photoproducts. In humans,nucleotide excision repair system is the primary repair way.更多还原