【摘要】 【目的】探讨中国9个南方黄牛和3个引进品种的品种内遗传变异情况及各品种间的亲缘关系。【方法】选用联合国粮农组织和国际动物遗传学会联合推荐的15个微卫星DNA标记,对中国9个南方黄牛品种和3个引进品种的遗传多样性进行分析。【结果】在15个微卫星座位上共检测到237个等位基因,每个座位平均为15.8个;各座位的平均多态信息含量为0.597 2~0.821 7,均表现出高度多态性;各品种的平均杂合度均较高,为0.665 1~0.800 3,平均杂合度最高的是迪庆黄牛,最低的是德国黄牛;12个黄牛品种聚为4类,吉安黄牛、徐闻牛、隆林黄牛、皖南牛和涠洲黄牛聚为第一类;威宁黄牛、务川黑牛和迪庆黄牛聚为第二类;三江牛自成第三类;西门塔尔牛、夏洛来牛和德国黄牛聚为第四类。【结论】15对微卫星座位可作为有效的遗传标记,用于各个黄牛品种的遗传多样性和系统发生关系分析。更多还原

【Abstract】 【Objective】 The genetic variability and genetic relationship of the nine yellow cattle breeds in southern China and three introduced breeds from Europe were studied.【Method】 The genetic diversity of twelve cattle breeds,including nine native breeds in southern China and three introduced breeds from Europe,was analyzed by using fifteen microsatellite markers recommended by FAO and ISAG.【Result】 The results showed that totally 237 alleles were detected from fifteen microsatellite loci,and averaged about 15.8.All microsatellite loci were highly polymorphic,with the mean PIC ranging from 0.597 2 to 0.821 7.All breeds showed high heterozygosity with the highest value of 0.800 3 for Diqing yellow cattle and the lowest value of 0.665 1 for German yellow cattle.Twelve yellow cattle breeds were clustered into four groups based on the UPGMA tree.The first group included Ji’an yellow cattle,Xuwen cattle,Wannan cattle,Longlin yellow cattle and Weizhou yellow cattle breeds,the second group Weining yellow cattle,Wuchuan black cattle and Diqing yellow cattle breeds,the third group included Sanjiang cattle,the fourth group simmental cattle and Charolais cattle and Germany yellow cattle breeds.【Conclusion】 The fifteen microsatellite loci were effective markers for analysis of genetic relationship among yellow cattle breeds.更多还原