【摘要】 利用扫描电镜(SEM)图像和IPP图像技术对土壤微结构作定量分析,包括图像分割、图像形态学处理、土壤团聚体和孔隙的尺寸测量与计数、土壤微结构的三维模拟等。结果表明:由于土壤团聚体与孔隙的边缘十分复杂而难于区分,采用目视分割法确定阈值可保证图像分析精度。IPP形态学处理的流域分割法可识别SEM图像中成簇团聚体的边界并进行分离,从而实现团聚体的精确测量。利用IPP图像技术可快速测量团聚体和孔隙的尺寸和数量,并基于测量结果自动分类和统计。通过对SEM图像作空间变换和三维数字模拟操作,还可逼真显示土壤微观孔隙结构特征。IPP图像技术使土壤微结构的定量研究更为精确和快捷。更多还原

【Abstract】 The soil microstructure was analyzed quantitatively using its scanning electron microscope(SEM) images and the IPP image technique,including the image processing,morphological operator of image,size and number measuring of pores and aggregates in soils,soil microstructure simulating in three-dimension,and etc.The results showed that the visual segmentation method for determining the threshold can assure the precision of the image analysis due to a weak distinction existing at the edge between the aggregates and pores in SEM images.The borders of cluster aggregates could be identified and separated based on the watershed segmentation of IPP morphological operator,therefore the size and number of the aggregates could be measured precisely.IPP image technique could measure quickly the size and number of pores and aggregates,and carried out the automatic classification and statistics for the measurement results.IPP image technique,in which the SEM images were operated through a space transform and three-dimensional numerical simulation,can also show realistically the characteristics of micropore structure in soils.The quantitative analysis of soil microstructure becomes more exact and convenient by using the IPP image technique.更多还原