【摘要】 生物法除磷投资省、成本低,但稳定性较差,当废水中磷酸盐浓度较高时,出水很难达标排放。化学法除磷工艺简单,运行可靠,能达标排放,但运行费用高,产生大量污泥,导致二次污染。文章进行了第三种除磷方法即滤料除磷的研究,并探讨了污水pH及水力停留时间对滤料除磷效果的影响。试验结果表明:煤渣和改性煤渣滤料对城市污水总磷的去除率可以达到54%和71%,但处理后的出水不能达标排放;碳酸钙滤料对城市污水总磷的去除率可以达到83%,能达标排放,但处理效果与城市污水pH值密切相关。城市污水pH值在8～9的范围,出水不能达标排放;pH值在5～8的范围,处理后的出水则可以达标排放,而且污水pH越低,总磷的去除率越高,其最佳水力停留时间为10min。该方法具有处理效果好、处理成本低、无污染、投资省、占地面积小的特点。更多还原

【Abstract】 It was low investment and cost that phosphorus in municipal wastewater was removed by biological method, but it was insta- bility, and very difficult to reach the national discharge standard of phosphorus when phosphate concentration in the municipal wastewa- ter was higher. It was simple, reliable operation and good effects that phosphorus in municipal wastewater was removed by chemical method, but it was high cost of operation, a large amount of sludge and to lead to secondary pollution. The third method of removal phosphorus in municipal wastewater with filter materials, including pH of municipal wastewater and HRT, was studied in the paper. It showed that it was low that the removal of phosphorus in municipal wastewater was treated with the coal cinder and the modified coal cinder filter, and it was not to reach the national discharge standard of phosphorus, but it was good with the carbonate filter, which could reach the discharge standard. It could not reach the discharge standard when pH of the municipal wastewater ranged from 8 to 9, but it could reach the discharge standard when pH ranged from 5 to 8. The lower pH of the municipal wastewater, the higher removal rate of Phosphorus. The best HRT was 10 min when municipal wastewater phosphorus was treated by the carbonate filter in the condition. The method had characteristics of good effect, low-cost, non-polluting, investment save and small area.更多还原