【摘要】 基于RS和G IS技术,以东营市为例,研究黄河三角洲的土地利用变化及其结构特征,确定综合土地生态风险指数,然后通过系统采样、变异函数分析及空间插值对土地生态风险指数进行变量空间化,生成1996和2005年土地生态风险演变规律分布图。研究结果表明:近10年来东营市土地利用变化剧烈,居民工矿用地大幅增加,次生盐碱地所占比重较大,油田生产建设和生态环境保护矛盾比较突出;近10年来,生态风险重心已经由南部的广饶地区转移到中部的东营地区,生态风险有进一步恶化的趋势,区域内土地生态风险分布极其不平衡,具有明显的区域性特征。高风险区域为居民及工矿用地密集区,主要分布在中部的东营区;中风险区域主要分布在南部的广饶地区和土地盐碱化严重地区;低风险区主要分布在北部的河口区和垦利县的东部。最后针对土地生态风险分布格局,提出了生态环境安全的政策建议及改造措施。更多还原

【Abstract】 Based on RS and GIS,the land use change and structural character were studied,and a land ecological risk index was constructed based on the land-use structure.In order to generate the map of land ecological risk evolvement rules in 1996 and 2005,the system sampling method,semi-varogram analysis and block Kriging were used to make the index a spatial variable.The results indicated that the proportion of residential and mining land increased quickly,the proportion of secondary saline habitat was much bigger,and the conflict between the producing-construction of oilfield and eco-environment conservation was keen-edged in the recent ten years;The center of ecological risk had transferred from the district of Guangrao to Dongying,the ecological risk was in the tendency of worsen,and the distribution of land ecological was imbalanced greatly,high-risk zone was the residential and mining land denseness district,mainly distributed in Dongying district which was in the mid of the city.Mid-risk zone mainly distributed in the Guangrao district and the district which had serious saline habitat land.Low-risk zone mainly distributed in Hekou district and the east of Kenli county.Finally we put forward some policy suggestions and reconstructive measures of ecological security.更多还原