【摘要】 本文探讨了以固定化脂肪酶为催化剂催化制备生物柴油中醇油比、水含量、游离脂肪酸酸值和催化剂使用寿命对菜子油酯交换反应的影响,并与以NaOH、固体碱纳米水滑石为催化剂生物柴油的制备条件相比较。研究表明:固定化脂肪酶为催化剂所需最佳醇油比最低,仅为4:1,游离脂肪酸含量对酯交换反应影响甚微,且有较强的抗水性,固定化脂肪酶催化剂可可重复使用6次;NaOH为催化剂酯交换反应抗水性最强,随游离脂肪酸的增加,酯交换转化率显著降低;纳米水滑石为催化剂可重复使用5次,酯交换产物易分离,所得产品完全符合德国生物柴油标准。更多还原

【Abstract】 The influence of transesterification conversion was investigated with molar ratio of methanol to rapeoil,water content,dissociative fatty acid value and the life of catalyst using sodium hydroxide,solid alkali nanocrystaline Mg-Al hydrotalcite and immobilized lipase of Candida sp.99-125 as catalyst.The results showed that the best molar ratio of rape oil to methanol was just 4:1 using immobilized lipase of Candida sp.99-125 as catalyst and the influence of amount of fatty acid to transesterification conversion was small.Using NaOH as catalyst,water have no influence in transesterification conversion.The time was the shortest when using Nanocrystaline Mg-Al Hydrotalcite as catalysts and the life of catalyst was the longest.The quality of obtained under the optimum conditions was up to Germany standard for bio-diesel and easy separated.更多还原