【摘要】 以玉米芯、麦秸、竹子、棉花秆、椰子壳五种农作物废弃物为原料,利用硫酸对原料进行预处理,并以水蒸气为活化剂制备高收率生物基多孔炭。通过对炭化收率等因素的考察,得出最优酸处理条件:原料为6g,硫酸浓度为20%,硫酸用量为90mL,浸渍5h时的效果较好。与未经任何处理时相比,酸处理后,各原料的炭化收率提高了4.3%～14.1%,多孔炭的BET比表面积增大,而多孔炭的微孔比例则相对减少。以纤维素为农作物废弃物的模型化合物,通过组成分析、热重分析和红外谱图分析,对酸处理机理进行了初步探讨。更多还原

【Abstract】 Activated carbon with high yield were prepared from five kinds of waste biomasses including corncob,wheat straw,bamboo,coconut shell and cotton straw by salfuric acid treatment(SAT).Based on the yield change of carbonization,the optimal conditions of SAT were obtained.The mechanism of SAT to increase the yield of porous carbon was gained by analyzing the composition of the raw material,the data of thermogravimetric analysis(TGA)and the FTIR cruves of the raw material,and the sample treated by SAT.Nitrogen adsorption on weight base was used to evaluate the pore structure of obtained porous car- bon.The experimental results showed that the yield of the activated carbon prepared by SAT was much higher than that of sample without any treatment.It has been found that 5h is the optimal time of acid treatment,the yield of carbonization can increase in the range of 4.3%～14.1%,and the surface area of porous carbon can largely increase by SAT.It also can be seen that the ratio of micropore in porous carbon prepared by SAT decreases by SAT in comparison to that of porous carbon without any treatment.更多还原