【摘要】 目的应用人体测量法评估宜章县0～7岁农村儿童营养状况。方法采用横断调查设计,随机抽样,获得2969名0～7岁儿童,以身长和体重作为衡量儿童营养状况的指标,采用Z值法以WHO参考人群为标准评估该儿童群体的营养状况。结果年龄别身高(HA)Z值的标准差波动在1.13～1.33,年龄别体重(WA)Z值的标准差波动范围较大在1.02～1.43,特别是1岁以内的儿童。与WHO参考分布相比,该儿童群体的HAZ值和WAZ值显著左移约1个单位,身高别体重(WH)Z值左移0.4个单位,生长迟缓、低体重和消瘦的患病率分别为20.1%、21.6%和6.8%。营养不良患病情况在出生后3个月龄内较低,6月龄后患病率迅速上升,在15月龄左右达到20%～30%,此后有所下降但维持在较高水平上。低体重与生长迟缓和消瘦间有显著的相关关系,Pearson相关系数分别为0.815和0.636(P<0.01),发育迟缓与消瘦间没有发现显著的相关关系。结论该县农村儿童的整体营养状况受到不良影响,相对于WHO参考人群营养不良患病率较高,低的HA和WA可能是该地区农村儿童的主要问题。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To assess nutritional status among children aged from 0 to 7 years in Yizhang County by using anthropometry.Methods With cross-sectional study and random sampling,a survey with a sample size of 2,969 children under 7-year-old was conducted in Yizhang County of Hunan.Height and weight were measured and nutrition status was evaluated with WHO reference using Z scores.Results SD of height for age(HA)and weight for age(WA)were 1.10～1.30 and 1.06～1.40,respectively,and SD of WAZ for infants varied.The distribution of HAZ and WAZ shifted downward to 1 unit and 0.4 unit for distribution of weight for height(WHZ).The prevalence rates of stunting,underweight and wasting were 20.1%,21.6%,and 6.8%,respectively.The prevalence rate of malnutrition was lower among the infants under 3 months of age.Stunting and underweight increased sharply after 6 months and reached 20%～30% at 15 months of age.Significant correlation was found between underweight and stunting or wasting,with the coefficients of 0.815 and 0.636,respectively(P<0.01).No correlation was found between stunting and wasting.Conclusions The nutrition status affects children as a whole but not only for individuals.There is a higher prevalence of malnutrition mainly on low height and weight in children of Yizhang County.更多还原