【摘要】 在石油开采和输送过程中由于石蜡沉积造成的经济损失每年达数十亿美元。为避免或减小石蜡沉积可能造成的不利影响和危害,以模拟油体系为研究对象,对石蜡沉积规律进行了实验和模型化研究。采用离心分离机测定了不同温度下模拟油的析蜡量,采用气相色谱法测定了模拟油中石蜡的组成以及不同温度下析出蜡的组成。采用笔者建立的改进正规溶液理论模型,对上述实验体系进行了模拟计算。结果表明,随着温度的降低,模拟油的析蜡量逐渐增加;与模拟油中石蜡的组成相比,析出蜡晶中重组分所占质量分数明显增加;模型计算结果与实验结果吻合很好。更多还原

【Abstract】 Economic loss due to wax precipitation in oil exploitation and transportation has reached several billion dollars per year recently.In order to mitigate the damage caused by the precipitation of wax,the experiment and model research of wax precipitation for simulation oils were carried out.The amount of wax precipitated from the simulation oils at different temperatures was measured by high speed centrifuge.The compositions of wax in simulation oils and precipitated wax under different temperatures were determined by gas chromatography.The established modified regular solution model by the authors was adopted to simulate the experiment systems.The results showed that the wax precipitation of simulation oil increased with the decrease of temperature,the precipitated wax was enriched in heavy paraffin compared to the initial wax in model oil.The predicted results calculated by the modified regular solution model agreed well with the experimental ones.更多还原