【摘要】 利用摩擦学、组织学和动物实验等手段模拟人体假肢接受腔对残肢皮肤的摩擦,研究摩擦对皮肤的损伤。应用成年健康兔作为动物模型,选取兔背部皮肤备毛后模拟残肢皮肤作为实验区,在往复滑动皮肤摩擦试验机上模拟假肢行走过程中不同压力、频率工况对皮肤表面损伤程度的影响。对损伤的兔皮肤组织切片进行HE染色,在光镜下观察受损细胞形态,在10倍物镜下测量损伤皮肤表面形成的痂皮厚度,在20倍物镜下计算一定视野内组织的炎性细胞数量,并对不同参数下得到的痂皮厚度和炎性细胞数量进行显著性分析,得到了不同摩擦工况对皮肤组织病理性变化规律的影响。结果表明:施加在兔皮肤表面法向压力和往复滑动频率越大,在相同时间内对兔皮肤造成的损伤就越严重,组织内出现炎性细胞的数量就越多。这些分析结果为假肢的舒适性设计和截肢患者的步态分析提供了理论依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 Simulative experiments on skin traumas between prosthetic socket materials and residual limb skin were investigated by using the means of tribology,histology and animal experiment.Healthy adult rabbits were used as animal model and their denuded back skin was selected as experimental position to simulate residual limb skin.The effects of different normal load and reciprocal sliding frequency on rabbit skin trauma grade were investigated by using a reciprocal sliding skin friction testing apparatus to simulate prosthesis gait.The traumatic subcutaneous tissue slice was stained with hematoxylineosin and the morphology was observed under the optical microscope.The scab thickness of traumatic skin was measured under ×10 object lens.The inflammatory cells were counted in a given visual field under ×20 object lens.The statistical significance analysis of scab thickness and inflammatory cells were carried out to assess the effect of different frictional conditions on skin pathological traumas.The results showed:the greater normal load and higher reciprocal sliding frequency applied on the rabbit skin,the more serious injury to skin and more inflammatory cells in the subcutaneous tissue at the same time.The findings provide a theoretical basis of comfortized prosthesis design and gait analysis for the amputee.更多还原